1.1 本试验方法描述了用于检测和计数 大肠杆菌 ，一种只在人类和其他温血动物的粪便中发现的细菌。这些微生物在水中的存在表明粪便污染和可能存在肠道病原体。这些细菌在水和废水中的密度范围很广。该程序的检测限为每过滤一体积一个菌落形成单位（CFU）。 1.2 该试验方法已成功用于温带淡水、海洋环境水和废水。用户有责任确保本试验方法对其他类型水的有效性。 1.3 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。 1.4 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 有关具体的危险说明，请参阅第节 9 . 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 该试验方法可用于测量娱乐用水水质和氯化废水，尽管它可用于任何怀疑被温血动物粪便污染的水。发现的意义 大肠杆菌 在娱乐用水样本中，尤其是从新鲜娱乐用水中获得的样本，是否存在胃肠道疾病的风险，直接与 大肠杆菌 密度，与游泳有关。 5. 5.2 由于可以通过MF技术分析小体积或大体积的水或其稀释液 大肠杆菌 与其他方法相比，在水中可以检测和计数。

1.1 This test method describes a membrane filter (MF) procedure for the detection and enumeration of Escherichia coli , a bacterium found exclusively in the feces of humans and other warm-blooded animals. The presence of these microorganisms in water is an indication of fecal pollution and the possible presence of enteric pathogens. These bacteria are found in water and wastewater in a wide range of densities. The detection limit of this procedure is one colony forming unit (CFU) per volume filtered. 1.2 This test method has been used successfully with temperate fresh and marine ambient waters, and wastewaters. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of other types. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 9 . 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method is useful for measuring recreational water quality and chlorinated wastewaters, although it can be used for any water suspected of contamination by fecal wastes of warm-blooded animals. The significance of finding E. coli in recreational water samples, especially samples obtained from fresh recreational waters, is that there is a risk of gastrointestinal illness, directly related to the E. coli density, associated with swimming. 5 5.2 Since small or large volumes of water or dilutions thereof can be analyzed by the MF technique, a wider range of levels of E. coli in water can be detected and enumerated than with other methods.