1.1 本实施例包括通过比较润滑脂的一种或三种二元混合物的性质或性能与包含该混合物的纯润滑脂的性质或性能来评价其相容性的方案。 1.2 使用标准测试方法在主要测试方案中评估三种特性:（ 1 ）按试验方法测定的滴点 D566 （或测试方法 D2265 );( 2 ）通过试验方法测定剪切稳定性 D217 、100,000冲程工作穿透力；和（ 3 ）通过60冲程穿透变化测定高温下的储存稳定性（试验方法 D217 ).对于相容混合物（通过所有主要测试的混合物），当情况表明需要额外测试时，建议采用次要（非强制性）测试方案。 1.3 顺序或并发测试持续到第一次失败。如果任何混合物未通过任何主要测试，则润滑脂是不相容的。如果所有混合物都通过了三项主要测试，则认为润滑脂是相容的。 1.4 本规范仅适用于具有适合于通过建议的试验方法进行评价的特性的润滑脂。如果特定测试方法的范围将测试限制在特定性能范围内的润滑脂，则超出该范围的润滑脂不能通过该测试方法进行相容性测试。例外情况是，纯成分润滑脂的测试性能在规定范围内，但混合物的测试性能由于不相容性而超出该范围。 1.5 本实践并不旨在涵盖所有可能采用的测试方法。 1.6 以SI单位表示的值将被视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.7 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全性问题（如果有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践并确定法规限制的适用性。 有关具体安全信息，请参见 7.2.3 . 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ======意义和用途====== 5.1 润滑脂的相容性对于润滑脂的使用者来说很重要-润滑设备。众所周知，两种润滑脂的混合会产生明显不如其任何一种组成材料的物质。可能发生以下一种或多种情况。不相容润滑脂的混合物通常会软化，有时会过度软化。偶尔，它会变硬。在极端情况下，增稠剂和液体润滑剂将完全或部分分离。软化可能非常严重，以至于混合的润滑脂会从工作轴承中流出。可能发生过度的油分离，形成与润滑脂分离的液体润滑剂池。具有基本不同的基础油粘度或添加剂浓度的混合润滑脂将被稀释，潜在地影响润滑脂的性能。此类事件可能导致不能满足润滑脂的期望性能。5.1.1 由于这种情况，设备制造商建议在安装不同的润滑脂之前彻底清除设备上的润滑脂。润滑脂润滑设备的维修建议经常规定注意事项- 在任何情况下都不要混合润滑脂。 尽管有这样的警告，油脂混合还是会发生，有时是无法避免的。在这种情况下，了解两种润滑脂的混合是否会导致润滑不足并带来灾难性后果将是有用的。设备用户通常没有资源来评估润滑脂的兼容性，必须依赖他们的供应商。混合润滑脂是一种非常轻率的做法。润滑脂和设备制造商都认识到，尽管有所有相反的警告，这种做法还是会发生。因此，用户和供应商都需要知道所讨论的润滑脂的相容特性。5.2 有两种方法可以评估润滑脂混合物的相容性。一是确定此类混合物是否满足与组成成分相同的规格要求。这种做法没有涉及这种方法。相反，这种实践采取了一种独立于规范的方法；它描述了使用特定测试方法在相对基础上评估相容性。 5.2.1 使用三种测试方法，因为较少的测试方法不够明确。例如，在一项研究中，使用100,000冲程工作渗透进行评估，62%的混合物被判断为相容的。 5 在一项涵盖更广泛润滑脂类型的高温储存稳定性研究中，只有三分之一的混合物是相容的。 5 这些研究使用不同的标准来判断兼容性。5.2.2 从润滑脂成分的预知中无法确定地预测相容性。通常，具有相同或相似增稠剂类型的润滑脂将是相容的。不常见的是，即使是相同类型的润滑脂，尽管在混合时通常是相容的，但由于不相容的添加剂处理而可能是不相容的。因此，兼容性需要根据具体情况进行判断。 5.3 两种成分润滑脂以特定比例混合。50:50的混合物模拟了当一种润滑脂（润滑脂A）安装在包含先前安装的不同润滑脂（润滑脂B）的轴承中时可能出现的比例，并且没有尝试用润滑脂A冲洗润滑脂B.10:90和90:10的比例旨在模拟当尝试用润滑脂A冲洗润滑脂B时可能出现的比例。附注1: 一些公司评估25:75和75:25比例的混合物，而不是10:90和90:10比例的混合物。但是，本实践规定的后两个比率被认为更能代表中描述的冲洗实践 5.3 . 5.3.1 不相容性最常通过评价50:50混合物来揭示。然而，在一些情况下，50:50的混合物是相容的，而更稀释的比例是不相容的。（见 附录X1 还有米德。 6 ) 5.4 相容性信息可在随特定润滑脂提供的产品信息文献中使用。它也可用于描述润滑实践和设备维护的文献中。

1.1 This practice covers a protocol for evaluating the compatibility of one or three binary mixtures of lubricating greases by comparing their properties or performance relative to those of the neat greases comprising the mixture. 1.2 Three properties are evaluated in a primary testing protocol using standard test methods: ( 1 ) dropping point by Test Method D566 (or Test Method D2265 ); ( 2 ) shear stability by Test Methods D217 , 100 000-stroke worked penetration; and ( 3 ) storage stability at elevated-temperature by change in 60-stroke penetration (Test Method D217 ). For compatible mixtures (those passing all primary testing), a secondary (nonmandatory) testing scheme is suggested when circumstances indicate the need for additional testing. 1.3 Sequential or concurrent testing is continued until the first failure. If any mixture fails any of the primary tests, the greases are incompatible. If all mixtures pass the three primary tests, the greases are considered compatible. 1.4 This practice applies only to lubricating greases having characteristics suitable for evaluation by the suggested test methods. If the scope of a specific test method limits testing to those greases within a specified range of properties, greases outside that range cannot be tested for compatibility by that test method. An exception to this would be when the tested property of the neat, constituent greases is within the specified range, but the tested property of a mixture is outside the range because of incompatibility. 1.5 This practice does not purport to cover all test methods that could be employed. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety information, see 7.2.3 . 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The compatibility of greases can be important for users of grease-lubricated equipment. It is well known that the mixing of two greases can produce a substance markedly inferior to either of its constituent materials. One or more of the following can occur. A mixture of incompatible greases most often softens, sometimes excessively. Occasionally, it can harden. In extreme cases, the thickener and liquid lubricant will completely or partially separate. Softening can be so severe that the mixed grease will run out of an operating bearing. Excessive oil separation can occur, forming pools of liquid lubricant separated from the grease. Mixed greases with substantially different base oil viscosities or additive concentrations will be diluted, potentially effecting grease performance. Such events can lead to the inability to meet the desired performance of the grease. 5.1.1 Because of such occurrences, equipment manufacturers recommend completely cleaning the grease from equipment before installing a different grease. Service recommendations for grease-lubricated equipment frequently specify the caveat– do not mix greases under any circumstances. Despite this admonition, grease mixing will occur and, at times, cannot be avoided. In such instances, it would be useful to know whether the mixing of two greases could lead to inadequate lubrication with disastrous consequences. Equipment users most often do not have the resources to evaluate grease compatibility and must rely on their suppliers. Mixing of greases is a highly imprudent practice. Grease and equipment manufacturers alike recognize such practices will occur despite all warnings to the contrary. Thus, both users and suppliers have a need to know the compatibility characteristics of the greases in question. 5.2 There are two approaches to evaluating the compatibility of grease mixtures. One is to determine whether such mixtures meet the same specification requirements as the constituent components. This approach is not addressed by this practice. Instead, this practice takes a specification-independent approach; it describes the evaluation of compatibility on a relative basis using specific test methods. 5.2.1 Three test methods are used because fewer are not sufficiently definitive. For example, in one study, using 100 000-stroke worked penetration for evaluation, 62 % of the mixtures were judged to be compatible. 5 In a high-temperature storage stability study, covering a broader spectrum of grease types, only one-third of the mixtures were compatible. 5 These studies used different criteria to judge compatibility. 5.2.2 Compatibility cannot be predicted with certainty from foreknowledge of grease composition. Generally, greases having the same or similar thickener types will be compatible. Uncommonly, even greases of the same type, although normally compatible when mixed, can be incompatible because of incompatible additive treatments. Thus, compatibility needs to be judged on a case-by-case basis. 5.3 Two constituent greases are blended in specific ratios. A 50:50 mixture simulates a ratio that might be experienced when one grease (Grease A) is installed in a bearing containing a previously installed, different grease (Grease B), and no attempt is made to flush out Grease B with Grease A. The 10:90 and 90:10 ratios are intended to simulate ratios that might occur when attempts are made to flush out Grease B with Grease A. Note 1: Some companies evaluate 25:75 and 75:25 ratio mixtures instead of 10:90 and 90:10 ratio mixtures. But, the latter two ratios, which are prescribed by this practice, are considered more representative of the flushing practice described in 5.3 . 5.3.1 Incompatibility is most often revealed by the evaluation of 50:50 mixtures. However, in some instances 50:50 mixtures are compatible and more dilute ratios are incompatible. (See Appendix X1 and Meade. 6 ) 5.4 Compatibility information can be used in product information literature supplied with specific greases. It can be used also in literature describing lubrication practices and equipment maintenance.