1.1 这些规程描述了使用电气方法定位覆盖有液体或泥土材料或两者的土工膜泄漏的标准程序。 1.2 这些做法旨在确保按照电气方法的最高技术能力进行泄漏位置调查，从而实现完全的液体密封（土工膜中没有泄漏）。 1.3 并非所有现场都能容易地采用这种方法，但可以进行一些准备工作，以便在第节中概述的几乎任何现场使用这种方法 6. 。如果无法达到理想的测试条件，仍然可以执行该方法，但记录现场条件的任何问题。 1.4 泄漏位置调查可用于安装在水池、池塘、储罐、矿石和废物垫、垃圾填埋池、垃圾填埋盖和其他控制设施中的土工膜。 该程序适用于由聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、氯磺化聚乙烯、沥青材料和其他充分电绝缘材料制成的土工膜。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。本标准中不包括其他计量单位。 1.6 土工膜泄漏定位所用的电气方法只能由合格且经验丰富的人员尝试。应采取适当的安全措施来保护泄漏位置的操作员以及现场的其他人员。用于进行调查的所有直流电源应使用不大于290 mA的限流器。 1.7 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ===意义和用途====== 4.1 土工膜被用作不可渗透的屏障，以防止液体从垃圾填埋场、池塘和其他封闭设施泄漏。 液体可能含有污染物，如果释放，可能会对环境造成损害。泄漏的液体会侵蚀路基，造成进一步的损坏。泄漏可能会导致产品损失，或以其他方式阻止安装达到预期的遏制目的。出于这些原因，希望土工膜具有尽可能小的泄漏。 4.2 土工膜泄漏可能由路基质量差、铺设在土工膜上的材料质量差、事故、工艺差、制造缺陷和疏忽造成。 4.3 只有水覆盖的土工膜发生泄漏的最主要原因与施工活动有关，包括放置在土工膜上的泵和设备、意外穿孔，以及交通越过土工膜或路基上的岩石或碎片造成的穿孔。 4.4 覆盖土工材料的土工膜泄漏的最重要原因是在土工膜上铺设土工材料时机械造成的施工损坏。这种损坏也可能破坏内衬系统的附加层，例如土工合成粘土内衬。 4.5 电气泄漏定位方法用于检测和定位泄漏以进行维修。这些做法可以在调查结束时实现零泄漏条件。如果未遵守调查区域准备和测试程序的任何要求，那么调查后土工膜中可能仍存在泄漏。并非所有的测量区域要求都可以在某些场地实现，但场地越接近理想条件，该方法就越成功。

1.1 These practices describe standard procedures for using electrical methods to locate leaks in geomembranes covered with liquid or earthen materials, or both. 1.2 These practices are intended to ensure that leak location surveys are performed to the highest technical capability of electrical methods, which should result in complete liquid containment (no leaks in geomembrane). 1.3 Not all sites will be easily amenable to this method, but some preparation can be performed in order to enable this method at nearly any site as outlined in Section 6 . If ideal testing conditions cannot be achieved, the method can still be performed, but any issues with site conditions are documented. 1.4 Leak location surveys can be used on geomembranes installed in basins, ponds, tanks, ore and waste pads, landfill cells, landfill caps, and other containment facilities. The procedures are applicable for geomembranes made of materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, bituminous material, and other sufficiently electrically insulating materials. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 The electrical methods used for geomembrane leak location should be attempted only by qualified and experienced personnel. Appropriate safety measures should be taken to protect the leak location operators, as well as other people at the site. A current limiter of no greater than 290 mA should be used for all direct current power sources used to conduct the survey. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Geomembranes are used as impermeable barriers to prevent liquids from leaking from landfills, ponds, and other containment facilities. The liquids may contain contaminants that, if released, can cause damage to the environment. Leaking liquids can erode the subgrade, causing further damage. Leakage can result in product loss or otherwise prevent the installation from performing its intended containment purpose. For these reasons, it is desirable that the geomembrane have as little leakage as practical. 4.2 Geomembrane leaks can be caused by poor quality of the subgrade, poor quality of the material placed on the geomembrane, accidents, poor workmanship, manufacturing defects, and carelessness. 4.3 The most significant causes of leaks in geomembranes that are covered with only water are related to construction activities, including pumps and equipment placed on the geomembrane, accidental punctures, and punctures caused by traffic over rocks or debris on the geomembrane or in the subgrade. 4.4 The most significant cause of leaks in geomembranes covered with earthen materials is construction damage caused by machinery that occurs while placing the earthen material on the geomembrane. Such damage also can breach additional layers of the lining system such as geosynthetic clay liners. 4.5 Electrical leak location methods are used to detect and locate leaks for repair. These practices can achieve a zero-leak condition at the conclusion of the survey(s). If any of the requirements for survey area preparation and testing procedures is not adhered to, then leaks could remain in the geomembrane after the survey. Not all of the survey area requirements are possible to achieve at some sites, but the closer the site can come to the ideal condition, the more successful the method will be.