本国际标准规定了石油产品灰分含量的测定方法，如 作为馏出物和残余燃料油、原油、润滑油、蜡和其他石油产品，其中 存在的任何灰分形成组分通常被认为是不期望的杂质或污染物。灰烬 可由油溶性或水溶性金属化合物或外来固体如污垢和铁锈引起。 该方法适用于灰分含量在0,001%(m/m)至0,180%(m/m)范围内的产品，但 不适用于含有成灰添加剂（包括某些磷化合物）的产品。分析 未使用或使用过的含有添加剂的润滑油、使用过的发动机曲轴箱油、含铅润滑油， 或某些非碳氢化合物柴油燃料，应使用ISO 39871确定），其包括生产步骤 较高熔点的硫酸化灰分。 注1就本国际标准而言，术语“%(m/m)”用于表示 材料。 注2对于某些类型的样品，测试结果可能无法定量地说明所有能够 形成灰烬。一些未使用的润滑油和馏分燃料油含有低分子量的金属无机添加剂 （例如钠、钾），其中金属氧化物可以在低于本国际标准规定的温度下升华。

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the ash content of petroleum products, such as distillate and residual fuel oils, crude petroleum, lubricating oils, waxes and other petroleum products, in which any ash-forming constituents present are normally considered to be undesirable impurities or contaminants. Ash can result from oil-soluble or water-soluble metallic compounds or from extraneous solids such as dirt and rust. The method is applicable to products having ash contents in the range 0,001 % (m/m) to 0,180 % (m/m), but does not apply to products which contain ash-forming additives, including certain phosphorus compounds. The analysis of unused or used lubricating oils containing additives, used engine crankcase oils, lubricating oils containing lead, or certain non-hydrocarbon diesel fuels, should be determined using ISO 39871), which includes a step to produce sulfated ash of higher melting point. NOTE 1 For the purposes of this International Standard, the term "% (m/m)" is used to represent the mass fraction of a material. NOTE 2 With certain types of samples, the test results may not account quantitatively for all the metal compounds capable of forming an ash. Some unused lubricating oils and distillate fuel oils contain metal inorganic additives of low molecular mass (e.g. sodium, potassium), where the metal oxide may sublime below the temperatures specified in this International Standard.