地表水的纳滤已经大规模成功实施 改善饮用水质量的设施。然而，污垢仍然是其中之一 膜技术中最重要的问题是，从长远来看 导致性能损失。生物污染包括 膜表面的微生物及其分泌物。它仍然是最受欢迎的城市之一 最难处理的污垢类型。一旦出现，治疗 生物污染包括清洗膜，使用适当的杀生物剂，或 两者的结合。然而，应对生物污染的最佳方法仍然是 尽量减少其发展，因此要选择适当的水预处理 在膜过滤之前。 由于常见的污染，预测预处理水的生物污染潜力是不确定的 可能的测量方法，如淤泥密度指数，甚至是给水水质 分析。判断生物污染可能性更准确的方法是犯规 然后，进行尸检，其中生物量和有机物含量 膜沉积被量化。 在这项工作中，除了细菌 膜上定殖物质的计数和碳剂量，原始 该程序用于评估膜表面的细菌沉积 包括测量细菌生物量的潜在酶活性。包括8个参考文献、表格、图表。

Nanofiltration of surface waters has been successfully implemented at large scale facilities to improve drinking water quality. However, fouling remains one of the most important issues in membranes technologies as, on a long-term, it usually causes loss of performances. Biofouling consists of the accumulation of microorganisms and their secretions at the membrane surface. It remains one of the most difficult types of fouling to handle. Once it has appeared, curative treatment of biofouling consists in cleaning the membrane, using appropriate biocides, or combination of both. However, the best way to cope with biofouling remains to minimize its development, and therefore to choose an adequate pretreatment of waters before membrane filtration. Predicting biofouling potential of pretreated waters is uncertain by common fouling potential measurements such as Silt Density Index, or even by feed water quality analyses. The more accurate mean to conclude biofouling potential is to foul membranes, and then, proceed to an autopsy, in which biomass and organic content of the membrane deposit are quantified. In this work, in addition to bacterial enumeration and carbon dosage of the material colonizing the membranes, an original procedure was used to assess the bacterial deposit at the membrane surface which consists of measuring a potential enzymatic activity of the bacterial biomass. Includes 8 references, tables, figures.