随着各州和美国环保局就美国地表水水质控制计划实施的具体目标和时间框架进行谈判，很明显，为了满足这些要求，许多公有污水处理厂（POTW）将面临巨额资本支出。一些POTW发现，将废水作为再生水用于景观灌溉、工业过程用水和其他水再利用机会，成本更低，效益更高。如本文中三项正在进行的废水管理工作所示，将废水相关效益纳入水再利用策略的评估是一个重要因素。这些好处可以将不可行的水再利用项目转化为成本效益高的机会。

As states and the USEPA negotiate the specific objectives and timeframes for the implementation of water quality control plans for the nation's surface waters, it is becoming apparent that many Public Owned Treatment Works (POTW) will be faced with significant capital outlay in an effort to meet these requirements. Some POTWs are finding that it may be less costly, and more beneficial, to use effluent as reclaimed water for landscape irrigation, industrial process water, and other water reuse opportunities. As illustrated by three ongoing wastewater effluent management efforts in this paper, the incorporation of wastewater-related benefits into the assessment of water reuse strategies is a significant factor. These benefits can transform an infeasible water reuse program into a cost-effective opportunity.