1.1 建筑物中两个空间之间的隔声由通过名义上分离的建筑构件（通常在实验室中测量）的直接传输和沿许多间接路径（通常称为侧翼路径）的任何传输的组合来确定。 图1 说明了直接路径和一些可能的结构侧翼路径。其他非结构性侧翼路径可能包括通过房间之间的公共风道或从相邻房间到走廊的门进行传输。 1.2 本测试方法的主要部分定义了评估由公共隔墙（包括直接和侧面传输路径）分隔的建筑物中两个房间或其部分之间的隔声或分隔隔墙的表面隔声的程序和指标。 适当的措施及其单数额定值为降噪（NR）和隔声等级（NIC）、归一化降噪（NNR）和归一化隔声等级（NNIC）以及视在传输损耗（ATL）和视在声传输等级（ASTC）。除规定条件下的ATL和ASTC外，试验方法主要部分中的这些程序仅适用于两个房间体积均小于150m的情况 3. . 注1: 本试验方法中的“隔墙”一词包括所有类型的墙、地板或分隔两个空间的任何其他边界。 边界可以是永久的、可操作的或可移动的。 1.3 尽管存在的条件会影响测量的方式，但始终可以测量和报告两个位置之间的NR和NIC。本标准对所有其他测量和额定值施加了限制，如最小房间体积或尺寸或最大房间吸收。因此，可能存在不允许测量NNR（NNIC）、ATL（ASTC）或FTL（FSTC）的条件。如果房间之间的隔墙由不同结构的部件组成，或包含门等元件，则不可能测量单个元件或隔墙部分的ATL和ASTC。 评估小于6的门的现场性能 m 2. 在区域内，使用测试方法 E2964年 . 1.4 附件A1 提供了在减少侧面传输影响的情况下评估通过隔墙或隔墙元件的声音传输的方法。当必须证明隔墙已达到规定的最小声衰减时，可以使用这些方法。结果是场传输损耗（FTL）和场声传输等级（FSTC）。 1.5 附件A2 提供了测量建筑物中两个房间部分之间隔声的方法，当至少一个房间的体积为150 m时，这两个房间由公共隔墙隔开，包括直接和侧面路径 3. 或更多。结果是噪声降低（NR）和噪声隔离等级（NIC）。 1.6 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.7 本试验方法的文本参考了提供解释材料的注释和脚注。这些注释和脚注（不包括表和图中的注释和脚注）不应视为本标准的要求。 1.8 本标准可能涉及危险材料、操作和设备。本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本标准的主要部分使用了最初为隔墙传输损耗的实验室测量而开发的程序。这些程序假设进行测量的房间具有合理近似于漫射场的声场。此类房间内的声压级在整个房间内相当均匀，平均声压级与房间吸声的对数成反比。 并非所有房间都满足这些条件。实践经验和对照研究 ( 1. ) 6. 已经表明，该测试方法适用于通常用于工作或生活的较小空间，例如多户住宅、酒店客房、会议室和体积小于150立方米的办公室中的房间。适用于此类空间的度量是NR、NNR和ATL。相应的单数字额定值为NIC、NNIC和ASTC。可在满足空间吸收限制的较大空间之间测量ATL和ASTC，以提供均匀的声音分布。 5.2 附件A2 开发用于非常大的空间（体积为150 m 3. 或更高）。在测试过程中，大型房间的声压级可能会发生显著变化，因此隔离度可能会随着与公共（分离）隔墙的距离而发生很大变化。此过程评估在分区附近观察到的隔离。适当的测量值为NR，适当的单数字额定值为NIC。 5.3 有时有必要证明隔墙的隔声符合或超过特定标准。 附件A1 提供了附加要求，并描述了如何使用屏蔽程序来分阶段减少侧翼传输，以表明分区已达到FTL的最小值或FSTC的最小值，这可能满足或超过标准。 如果通过屏蔽所有潜在的侧翼路径证明不存在显著的侧翼，则只有在这种情况下，才可以无条件地报告FTL和FSTC。 注3: 由于存在侧翼，现场很难测量隔墙本身的声音传输损耗特性，以证明其满足或超过特定标准 ( 2. , 3. ) . 还必须满足房间容积和吸收要求。 5.4 有几种指标可用于特定用途。一些评估空间之间的整体隔声，包括接收空间中的吸收效果，一些评估正在评估的隔板的性能或外观性能。 所得结果仅适用于测试的特定位置。 5.4.1 降噪（NR）和噪声隔离等级（NIC）- 描述所考虑的两个空间之间的隔声。降噪数据基于满足以下要求的空间和时间平均声压级: 11.3 或 A2.3 根据吸声量、体积和形状要求 9.2 . 降噪值受接收空间中的吸收以及分区的明显性能的影响。未配备家具的空间中的降噪值通常小于配备家具的空间中的降噪值，空间之间的降噪值可能会因所使用的测试方向和空间中的吸声量而异。 然而，当使用 附件A2 已使用。 5.4.2 归一化降噪（NNR）和归一化噪声隔离等级（NNIC）- 描述满足以下要求的两个住宅或办公空间之间的隔声: 9.3.1 调整到标准化的房间条件，这是通常配备家具时此类空间的典型情况。 5.4.3 视在传输损耗（ATL）和视在声传输等级（ASTC）- 描述分隔两个空间的隔墙的表面隔音效果。所有声音传输，包括任何侧翼传输，都归因于隔墙。 隔板的实际传输损耗通常高于表观传输损耗。这些结果在理论上在每个方向上都是相同的，但在实践中可能会因方向不同而不同。 5.4.4 场传输损耗（FTL）和场声传输等级（FSTC）- 这些结果在理论上应接近在实验室中测量的隔声或隔声元件的实际隔声，但在实践中通常不会。只有满足以下严格要求，才能报告这些值: 附件A1 以减少侧翼传输。由于去除了所有侧翼以获得这些指标，因此当侧翼传输显著时，它们不会反映乘客经历的声音衰减。 这些结果在理论上在每个方向上都是相同的，但在实践中可能会因方向不同而不同。 注4: 由于公制ASTC包括直接和侧面传输的影响，ASTC将小于或等于FSTC。差异取决于侧翼传输的幅度。因此，ASTC可用于证明分区至少满足FSTC要求，并且可能超过FSTC要求。如果在不满足更严格要求的条件下测量ASTC 附件A1 ，这可能会引入其他变体。

1.1 The sound isolation between two spaces in a building is determined by a combination of the direct transmission through the nominally separating building element (as normally measured in a laboratory) and any transmission along a number of indirect paths, usually referred to as flanking paths. Fig. 1 illustrates the direct paths and some possible structural flanking paths. Additional non-structural flanking paths may include transmission through common air ducts between rooms, or doors to the corridor from adjacent rooms. 1.2 The main part of this test method defines procedures and metrics to assess the sound isolation between two rooms or portions thereof in a building separated by a common partition including both direct and flanking transmission paths or the apparent sound insulation of the separating partition. Appropriate measures and their single number ratings are the noise reduction (NR) and noise isolation class (NIC), the normalized noise reduction (NNR) and normalized noise isolation class (NNIC), and the apparent transmission loss (ATL) and apparent sound transmission class (ASTC). With the exception of the ATL and ASTC under specified conditions, these procedures in the main part of the test method are only applicable when both room volumes are less than 150 m 3 . Note 1: The word “partition” in this test method includes all types of walls, floors, or any other boundaries separating two spaces. The boundaries may be permanent, operable, or movable. 1.3 The NR and NIC between two locations may always be measured and reported though conditions present will influence how measurements are made. Restrictions such as minimum room volume or dimensions or maximum room absorption are imposed for all other measures and ratings in this standard. Thus, conditions may exist that will not allow NNR (NNIC), ATL (ASTC) or FTL (FSTC) to be measured. Where a partition between rooms is composed of parts that are constructed differently, or contains an element such as a door, it is not possible to measure the ATL and ASTC of the individual elements or portions of the partition. To evaluate the field performance of a door less than 6 m 2 in area, use Test Method E2964 . 1.4 Annex A1 provides methods to assess the sound transmission through a partition or partition element with the influence of flanking transmission reduced. These methods may be used when it must be demonstrated that a partition has achieved a specified minimum sound attenuation. The results are the field transmission loss (FTL) and field sound transmission class (FSTC). 1.5 Annex A2 provides methods to measure the sound isolation between portions of two rooms in a building separated by a common partition including both direct and flanking paths when at least one of the rooms has a volume of 150 m 3 or more. The results are the noise reduction (NR) and noise isolation class (NIC). 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. 1.8 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The main part of this standard uses procedures originally developed for laboratory measurements of the transmission loss of partitions. These procedures assume that the rooms in which the measurements are made have a sound field that reasonably approximates a diffuse field. Sound pressure levels in such rooms are reasonably uniform throughout the room and average levels vary inversely with the logarithm of the room sound absorption. Not all rooms will satisfy these conditions. Practical experience and controlled studies ( 1 ) 6 have shown that the test method is applicable to smaller spaces normally used for work or living, such as rooms in multi-family dwellings, hotel guest rooms, meeting rooms, and offices with volumes less than 150 cubic meters. The measures appropriate for such spaces are NR, NNR, and ATL. The corresponding single number ratings are NIC, NNIC and ASTC. The ATL and ASTC may be measured between larger spaces that meet a limitation on absorption in the spaces to provide uniform sound distribution. 5.2 Annex A2 was developed for use in spaces that are very large (volume of 150 m 3 or greater). Sound pressure levels during testing can vary markedly across large rooms so that the degree of isolation can vary strongly with distance from the common (separating) partition. This procedure evaluates the isolation observed near the partition. The appropriate measure is NR, and the appropriate single number rating is NIC. 5.3 It is sometimes necessary to demonstrate that the sound insulation of a partition meets or exceeds a specific criterion. Annex A1 provides additional requirements, and describes how shielding procedures can be used to reduce flanking transmission in stages to show that a partition has achieved a minimum value of the FTL or minimum value of the FSTC which may meet or exceed the criterion. If it is demonstrated that no significant flanking exists through shielding of all potential flanking paths, then, and only then, FTL and FSTC may be reported without qualification. Note 3: Measuring the sound transmission loss properties of a partition itself to demonstrate that it meets or exceeds a specific criterion is very difficult in the field due to the presence of flanking ( 2 , 3 ) . Room volume and absorption requirements must also be met. 5.4 Several metrics are available for specific uses. Some evaluate the overall sound isolation between spaces including the effect of absorption in the receiving space and some evaluate the performance or apparent performance of the partition being evaluated. The results obtained are applicable only to the specific location tested. 5.4.1 Noise Reduction (NR) and Noise Isolation Class (NIC)— Describe the sound isolation found between the two spaces under consideration. Noise reduction data are based on the space- and time averaged sound pressure levels meeting the requirements of 11.3 or A2.3 as required depending on the sound absorption, volume, and shape requirements of 9.2 . Noise reduction values are influenced by the absorption in the receiving space as well as the apparent performance of the partition. The noise reduction values in unfurnished spaces will usually be less than in furnished spaces, and noise reduction values between the spaces may differ depending on the test direction used and the sound absorption in the spaces. However, these effects are lessened when the method of Annex A2 is used. 5.4.2 Normalized Noise Reduction (NNR) and Normalized Noise Isolation Class (NNIC)— Describe the sound isolation between two residential or office spaces meeting the requirements of 9.3.1 adjusted to standardized room conditions typical of such spaces when normally furnished. 5.4.3 Apparent Transmission Loss (ATL) and Apparent Sound Transmission Class (ASTC)— Describe the apparent sound insulation of a partition separating two spaces. All sound transmission, including any flanking transmission, is ascribed to the partition. The actual transmission loss of the partition will usually be higher than the apparent transmission loss. These results are in theory the same in each direction but may differ with direction in practice. 5.4.4 Field Transmission Loss (FTL) and Field Sound Transmission Class (FSTC)— These results should theoretically approach the actual sound insulation of a partition or partition element as would be measured in a laboratory, but in practice they often do not. These values may be reported only if the stringent requirements of Annex A1 to reduce flanking transmission are met. Since all flanking is removed to obtain these metrics, they do not reflect the sound attenuation experienced by the occupants when flanking transmission is significant. These results are in theory the same in each direction but may differ with direction in practice. Note 4: Since the metric ASTC includes the effect of direct and flanking transmission, the ASTC will be less than or equal to the FSTC. The difference depends on the magnitude of the flanking transmission. Thus, the ASTC can be used to demonstrate that a partition at least meets an FSTC requirement and may exceed it. If ASTC is measured under conditions that do not satisfy the more stringent requirements in Annex A1 , this may introduce other variations.