1.1 本实践提供了一个实验室指南，用于确定平均温度在−20至55°C（−4至131°F）之间的松散填充建筑隔热材料的热阻。 1.2 该实践适用于多种松散填充隔热产品，包括但不限于玻璃纤维、岩/矿渣棉或纤维素纤维材料；粒状类型包括蛭石和珍珠岩；颗粒状产品；以及任何其他气动安装或浇注到位的绝缘材料。它不适用于安装后因化学反应或粘合剂或粘合剂的应用而改变其特性的产品，也不考虑结构、安全壳、饰面或气膜的影响。 1.3 由于该实践是为可重复的产品比较而设计的，因此它测量已预处理至相对干燥状态的绝缘材料的热阻。考虑吸湿绝缘材料因吸附水而引起的热性能变化超出了本实践的范围。 1.4 本实践中概述的样品制备技术不包括用于封闭应用的松散填充材料的表征。对于这些应用，需要模拟安装条件的单独样品制备技术。然而，即使对于那些应用，该实践的一些其他方面也是适用的。 1.5 以SI单位表示的值应被视为标准。括号中给出的值仅供参考。 1.6 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全性问题（如果有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践并确定法规限制的适用性。1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ======意义和用途====== 4.1 热阻， R 绝缘材料的，用于描述其热性能。 4.2 绝缘材料的热阻与绝缘材料的密度和厚度有关。期望获得与产品最终用途相关的厚度和密度下的热阻的测试数据。 4.3 在正常使用中，这些产品的厚度范围从小于100毫米（4英寸）到大于500毫米（20英寸）。).安装密度取决于产品类型、安装厚度、使用的安装设备、安装技术和绝缘空间的几何形状。 4.4 松散填充绝缘材料使用制造商选择的密度来代表产品沉降密度，从而提供覆盖信息。通常，需要了解代表性密度下的产品热性能。一些覆盖图利用多个密度来显示较大厚度的安装通常会导致较高的安装密度。通过计算几个不同热阻水平的密度，可以从覆盖图中检测到多个密度的使用。（给定热阻的密度可以通过将每单位面积的最小质量除以最小厚度从覆盖图中计算出来。）如果计算的密度在不同热阻下显著不同，则使用了多密度策略。 4.5 当适用的规范或规范没有规定用于比较目的的标称热阻水平时，推荐的做法是使用 R 是的 （公制）=3.3 m 2 K/W（ R IP =19[小时英尺 2 F/Btu]）标记用于测量密度和厚度。 4.6 如果从覆盖图中无法获得用于测试目的的密度，则应使用适用的规范和规范或（如果不适用）请求机构和测试组织之间的协议来确定测试密度。 4.7 通常，这些材料的薄片是不均匀的。因此，如果结果一致且具有典型用途，则测试厚度必须大于或等于产品的代表性厚度。附注1: 代表性厚度对于每种产品是特定的，并且通过运行一系列测试来确定，其中密度保持恒定但厚度增加。这里将代表性厚度定义为产品电阻率变化不超过2%的厚度。代表性厚度是产品吹塑密度的函数。通常，随着密度降低，代表性厚度增加。幸运的是，大多数产品被设计成在一个小的密度范围内吹制。这个有限的范围产生了100至200毫米（4至8英寸）之间的代表性厚度范围。）对于大多数产品。为了简化该实践的过程， C687 试验应在吹出密度范围的中点确定。完成后，在大于或等于代表性厚度的厚度下对该产品进行所有热测试。 4.7.1 对于本实践，最小试验厚度应为100毫米（4英寸）或代表性厚度，以较大者为准。如果试验代表较小厚度的安装，则应使用安装厚度。 4.8 由于大型测试设备的建造和操作成本高，在使用产品的较高厚度下进行测试是不切实际的。为了本实施例的目的，可以根据在最小测试厚度下对产品进行测试获得的热阻来估计任何厚度下的热阻（见 4.7.1 ）和建议厚度的预期密度。4.9 原则上，用于测定热阻的任何标准方法都适用于松散填充产品。这些包括测试方法 C177 , C518 , C1114 ，和 C1363 在这些测试方法中，热流计装置、测试方法 C518 ，是优选的。 4.10 低密度绝缘材料的热阻取决于热流的方向。除非另有规定，应在最大热流条件下进行试验，即热流向上的水平试样。 4.11 试样应以与预期安装程序一致的方式制备。气动安装的产品应气动施加（吹），现浇安装的产品应浇注到试件框架中。 4.12 安装在阁楼应用中的松散填充隔热材料在冬季会有热流上升。在许多地区的冬季设计条件下，冬季设计温差会导致一些松散填充隔热材料内发生对流换热。实践中概述的程序 C687 不适用于测量，除非测试方法 C1363 测试设备用于再现正确的边界条件。要确定季节性差异如何影响产品性能，请使用实践 C1373 .实践 C1373 在模拟冬季设计温度条件下测量松散填充隔热材料的预期冬季热性能，并提供该测定所需的样品要求。

1.1 This practice presents a laboratory guide to determine the thermal resistance of loose-fill building insulations at mean temperatures between −20 and 55°C (−4 to 131°F). 1.2 This practice applies to a wide variety of loose-fill thermal insulation products including but not limited to fibrous glass, rock/slag wool, or cellulosic fiber materials; granular types including vermiculite and perlite; pelletized products; and any other insulation material installed pneumatically or poured in place. It does not apply to products that change their character after installation either by chemical reaction or the application of binders or adhesives, nor does it consider the effects of structures, containments, facings, or air films. 1.3 Since this practice is designed for reproducible product comparison, it measures the thermal resistance of an insulation material which has been preconditioned to a relatively dry state. Consideration of changes of thermal performance of a hygroscopic insulation by sorption of water is beyond the scope of this practice. 1.4 The sample preparation techniques outlined in this practice do not cover the characterization of loose-fill materials intended for enclosed applications. For those applications, a separate sample preparation technique that simulates the installed condition will be required. However, even for those applications, some other aspects of this practice are applicable. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 The thermal resistance, R , of an insulation is used to describe its thermal performance. 4.2 The thermal resistance of an insulation is related to the density and thickness of the insulation. It is desirable to obtain test data on thermal resistances at thicknesses and densities related to the end uses of the product. 4.3 In normal use, the thickness of these products range from less than 100 mm (4 in.) to greater than 500 mm (20 in.). Installed densities depend upon the product type, the installed thickness, the installation equipment used, the installation techniques, and the geometry of the insulated space. 4.4 Loose-fill insulations provide coverage information using densities selected by manufacturers to represent the product settled densities. Generally, it is necessary to know the product thermal performance at a representative density. Some coverage charts utilize multiple densities to show that greater thickness installations usually result in higher installed densities. The use of multiple densities can be detected from the coverage chart by calculating the density for several different thermal resistance levels. (The density for a given thermal resistance can be calculated from the coverage chart by dividing the minimum mass per unit area by the minimum thickness.) If the calculated densities are significantly different at different thermal resistances, the multiple density strategy has been used. 4.5 When applicable specifications or codes do not specify the nominal thermal resistance level to be used for comparison purposes, a recommended practice is to use the R si (metric) = 3.3 m 2 K/W ( R IP = 19 [h ft 2 F/Btu]) label density and thickness for that measurement. 4.6 If the density for test purposes is not available from the coverage chart, a test density shall be established by use of applicable specifications and codes or, if none apply, agreement between the requesting body and the testing organization. 4.7 Generally, thin sections of these materials are not uniform. Thus, the test thickness must be greater than or equal to the product’s representative thickness if the results are to be consistent and typical of use. Note 1: The representative thickness is specific for each product and is determined by running a series of tests in which the density is held constant but the thickness is increased. The representative thickness is defined here as that thickness above which there is no more than a 2 % change in the resistivity of the product. The representative thickness is a function of product blown density. In general, as the density decreases, the representative thickness increases. Fortunately, most products are designed to be blown over a small range of densities. This limited range yields a range of representative thicknesses between 100 to 200 mm (4 to 8 in.) for most products. To simplify the process for this Practice, the representative thickness for the C687 tests shall be determined at the midpoint of the blown density range. Once this is accomplished, all thermal testing on this product is conducted at a thickness that is greater or equal to the representative thickness. 4.7.1 For this practice, the minimum test thickness shall be 100 mm (4 in.) or the representative thickness, whichever is larger. If the test is to represent an installation at a lesser thickness, the installed thickness shall be used. 4.8 Because of the high cost of construction and operation of large test equipment, it is impractical to test at the higher thicknesses at which products are used. For purposes of this practice, it is acceptable to estimate the thermal resistance at any thickness from the thermal resistivity obtained from tests on the product at the minimum test thickness (see 4.7.1 ) and at the density expected for the proposed thickness. 4.9 In principle, any of the standard methods for the determination of thermal resistance are suitable for loose-fill products. These include Test Methods C177 , C518 , C1114 , and C1363 . Of these test methods, the heat flow meter apparatus, Test Method C518 , is preferred. 4.10 The thermal resistance of low-density insulations depend upon the direction of heat flow. Unless otherwise specified, tests shall be performed for the maximum heat flow condition, that is, a horizontal specimen with heat flow-up. 4.11 Specimens shall be prepared in a manner consistent with the intended installation procedure. Products for pneumatic installation shall be pneumatically applied (blown), and products for pour-in-place installation shall be poured into specimen frames. 4.12 Loosefill insulation installed in attic applications will have heat flow up during the winter. At winter design conditions in many areas, the winter design temperature difference will cause convective heat transfer to occur within some loose-fill insulations. The procedure outlined in Practice C687 is not applicable to that measurement unless a Test Method C1363 test apparatus is used to reproduce the correct boundary conditions. To determine how seasonal differences can affect product performance, use Practice C1373 . Practice C1373 measures the expected winter thermal performance of loose-fill insulation under simulated winter design temperature conditions and provides specimen requirements necessary for that determination.