建立了一个计算流体力学（CFD）模型，模拟了圆柱形分层冷冻水储水箱中下部径向入口扩散器附近的流动和传热。利用该模型对全尺寸储罐在温跃层形成期间的入口扩散器性能进行了参数模拟，由此导出了热性能与储罐和扩散器设计参数之间的一阶关联式。第1部分描述了CFD模型的发展及其验证。第2部分报告了参数研究的结果。二维瞬态模型在商业有限元程序中实现。 该模型已通过两个全尺寸储罐的现场测量数据进行了验证。层流分析很好地预测了现场测量的温度分布，即使是在表面上的过渡条件下，前提是现场试验期间入口温度的变化得到了准确的模拟。这些结果表明，在所考虑的参数范围内，湍流对温跃层的发展具有次要影响，层流模型可能有助于在大范围入口参数下模拟全尺寸储罐的性能。研究发现，充分发展的温度分布对入口假设的速度分布不敏感。 摘自《国际供暖、通风、空调和制冷研究杂志》，第7卷，第1期，2001年1月，第31-49页。单位:双引文:阿什雷交易，第107卷，第。2.

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model has been developed to simulate the flow and heat transfer near a lower radial inlet diffuser in a cylindrical stratified chilled water storage tank during charging. The model was used to perform parametric simulations of inlet diffuser performance in full-scale tanks during thermocline formation, from which first-order correlation relating thermal performance to tank and diffuser design parameters were derived. Part 1 describes the development of the CFD model and its validation. Part 2 reports the results of the parametric study. The two-dimensional, transient model was implemented in a commercial finite element code. The model has been validated with field-measured data from two full-scale tanks. Laminar analysis predicted field-measured temperature profiles well, even under ostensibly transitional conditions, provided that variations in inlet temperature during the field tests were accurately modeled. These results suggest that turbulence has a secondary effect on the development of thermoclines within the range of parameters considered and that laminar models may be useful for modeling performance of full-scale tanks over a wide range of inlet parameters. The fully developed temperature profile was found to be insensitive to the velocity distribution assumed at the inlet.Reprinted from the International Journal of Heating, Ventilating, Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Research, Vol. 7, No.1, January 2001, pp. 31-49.Units: Dual