1.1 本指南涵盖并提供了有助于规划实验室试验或一系列试验的信息，从中可以推断出未使用的完全配制的原始形式液压液的生物降解性信息。生物降解性是判断液压流体环境影响时评估的三个特征之一。另外两个特征是生态毒性和生物累积性。 1.2 生物降解性可按环境隔室的类型考虑:需氧淡水、需氧海洋、需氧土壤和厌氧介质。已开发出适用于每个隔室测试的问题和需要的需氧淡水、需氧土壤和厌氧介质的测试方法。 1.3 本指南介绍了因使用液压油而附带释放到环境中的情况，但无意涵盖重大意外释放的情况。 本指南中讨论的测试至少需要三到四周的时间。因此，在使用液压液之前，更有效地解决与液压液生物降解性相关的问题，从而避免偶然释放。本指南中的任何内容都不应免除用户正确使用和处置液压油的责任。 1.4 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本指南讨论了评估液压流体在进入已知支持某些物质生物降解的环境时发生生物降解的可能性的方法，例如测试中用作阳性对照的材料。 这些信息可用于提出或评估流体配方的生物降解性声明。 5.2 当流体与环境相互作用时会发生生物降解，因此生物降解的程度是液压流体的化学成分以及流体进入时环境的物理、化学和生物状态的函数。本指南不能帮助判断特定环境的状态，因此它不是为了提供判断液压流体在任何特定环境（自然或人造环境）中持久性的标准。 5.3 如果本指南中讨论的任何测试结果较高，则意味着液压液将发生生物降解，并且不会在所考虑的环境隔室中持续存在。如果获得的结果较低，则不一定意味着该物质不会在环境中生物降解，但确实意味着如果要提出生物降解性的主张，则需要进一步测试。 此类测试可能包括但不限于本指南中提及的其他测试或特定环境隔间的模拟测试。

1.1 This guide covers and provides information to assist in planning a laboratory test or series of tests from which may be inferred information about the biodegradability of an unused fully formulated hydraulic fluid in its original form. Biodegradability is one of three characteristics which are assessed when judging the environmental impact of a hydraulic fluid. The other two characteristics are ecotoxicity and bioaccumulation. 1.2 Biodegradability may be considered by type of environmental compartment: aerobic fresh water, aerobic marine, aerobic soil, and anaerobic media. Test methods for aerobic fresh water, aerobic soil and anaerobic media have been developed that are appropriate for the concerns and needs of testing in each compartment. 1.3 This guide addresses releases to the environment that are incidental to the use of a hydraulic fluid but is not intended to cover situations of major, accidental release. The tests discussed in this guide take a minimum of three to four weeks. Therefore, issues relating to the biodegradability of hydraulic fluid are more effectively addressed before the fluid is used, and thus before incidental release may occur. Nothing in this guide should be taken to relieve the user of the responsibility to properly use and dispose of hydraulic fluids. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This guide discusses ways to assess the likelihood that a hydraulic fluid will undergo biodegradation if it enters an environment that is known to support biodegradation of some substances, for example the material used as the positive control in the test. The information can be used in making or assessing claims of biodegradability of a fluid formula. 5.2 Biodegradation occurs when a fluid interacts with the environment, and so the extent of biodegradation is a function of both the chemical composition of the hydraulic fluid and the physical, chemical, and biological status of the environment at the time the fluid enters it. This guide cannot assist in judging the status of a particular environment, so it is not meant to provide standards for judging the persistence of a hydraulic fluid in any specific environment either natural or man-made. 5.3 If any of the tests discussed in this guide gives a high result, it implies that the hydraulic fluid will biodegrade and will not persist in the environmental compartment being considered. If a low result is obtained, it does not mean necessarily that the substance will not biodegrade in the environment, but does mean that further testing is required if a claim of biodegradability is to be made. Such testing may include, but is not limited to, other tests mentioned in this guide or simulation tests for a particular environmental compartment.