用于测量大型接地系统交流特性的试验方法和仪器技术 包括以下主题: 1） 测量安全 2） 地球返回互差 3） 低电流测量 4） 电力系统阶段性故障 5） 通信和控制电缆传输阻抗 6） 接地系统中的电流分布（电流分流） 7） 步进、触摸、网格和proA？测量 8） 足部等效电极接地电阻 9） 仪器特性和局限性 接地电极由一根接地棒、接地棒阵列、塔基和许多电网（如果没有）组成 在干扰电压允许的情况下，可以使用IEEE中概述的方法测量外部接地 Std 81-1983[2] 1. .即使大电网的阻抗相角为18 ¿¿ 阻力分量仅为5% 低于它的阻抗。但是，对于低电阻接地中的大型接地网（<75 W -m） 对于有许多延伸接地导体的接地系统，阻抗可能是显著的？远大于 用IEEE标准81-1983的常规测试集测量的电阻元件

Test methods and instrumentation techniques used to measure the ac characteristics of large grounding systems include the following topics: 1) Measurement safety 2) Earth-return mutual errors 3) Low-current measurements 4) Power-system staged faults 5) Communication and control cable transfer impedance 6) Current distribution (current splits) in the grounding system 7) Step, touch, mesh, and proÞle measurements 8) The foot-equivalent electrode earth resistance 9) Instrumentation characteristics and limitations Grounding electrodes consisting of a single ground rod, arrays of ground rods, tower footings, and many grids (if no external grounding is connected) can be measured, interference voltages permitting, with methods outlined in IEEE Std 81-1983 [2] 1. Even if a large grid has an impedance phase angle of 18 ° the resistance component will be only 5% lower than its impedance. However, for large grounding grids in low-resistive earth (<75 W -m) and for grounding systems that have numerous extended grounding conductors, the impedance could be signiÞcantly greater than the resistive component measured with the conventional test sets of IEEE Std 81-1983