1.1 本试验方法包括测定白色陶瓷材料的弹性性能。这些材料的试样具有特定的机械共振频率，其由试样的弹性模量、密度和几何形状定义。因此，如果可以测量材料的适当试样的几何形状、密度和机械共振频率，则可以计算材料的弹性特性。杨氏模量是使用弯曲振动模式中的共振频率确定的。剪切模量或刚度模量是通过扭转共振找到的。 杨氏模量和剪切模量用于计算泊松比，即横向收缩系数。 1.2 所有具有弹性、均匀性和各向同性的白色陶瓷材料均可通过本试验方法进行试验。 2. 本试验方法不适用于具有代表材料不均匀性的裂纹或孔隙的试样；当这些材料不能以合适的几何形状制备时，也不能令人满意。 注1: 此处的弹性意味着，在构成受力物体的材料的弹性极限内施加应力，将导致瞬时均匀变形，该变形将在应力消除后停止，物体立即恢复到其原始尺寸和形状，而不会产生能量损失。 许多陶瓷洁具材料都很好地符合这一定义，因此该测试很有意义。 注2: 各向同性是指材料在所有方向上的弹性特性相同。 1.3 本文介绍了一种用于测量弹性模量随温度变化的低温箱和高温炉 −195至1200 °C。 1.4 可以修改测试以用于质量控制。确定具有特定几何形状和密度的工件的可接受共振频率范围。频率响应不在此频率范围内的任何样本均被拒收。 只要已知所选频率范围的限制包括零件必须具有的共振频率（如果其几何形状和密度在规定公差内），则无需确定每个零件的实际模量。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 3.1 与静态加载系统相比，该测试系统在某些方面具有优势。 3.1.1 仅对试样施加微小应力，从而将断裂的可能性降至最低。 3.1.2 施加和消除应力的时间约为数百微秒，因此可以在延迟弹性和蠕变效应在短得多的时间尺度上进行的温度下进行测量。 3.2 如果认识到一个重要事实，本试验方法适用于检测材料是否符合规范: 陶瓷洁具材料对热历史敏感。因此，在根据规定值考虑模量之前，必须了解试样的热历史。材料规范应包括所有试样的特定热处理。

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the elastic properties of ceramic whiteware materials. Specimens of these materials possess specific mechanical resonance frequencies which are defined by the elastic moduli, density, and geometry of the test specimen. Therefore the elastic properties of a material can be computed if the geometry, density, and mechanical resonance frequencies of a suitable test specimen of that material can be measured. Young’s modulus is determined using the resonance frequency in the flexural mode of vibration. The shear modulus, or modulus of rigidity, is found using torsional resonance vibrations. Young’s modulus and shear modulus are used to compute Poisson’s ratio, the factor of lateral contraction. 1.2 All ceramic whiteware materials that are elastic, homogeneous, and isotropic may be tested by this test method. 2 This test method is not satisfactory for specimens that have cracks or voids that represent inhomogeneities in the material; neither is it satisfactory when these materials cannot be prepared in a suitable geometry. Note 1: Elastic here means that an application of stress within the elastic limit of that material making up the body being stressed will cause an instantaneous and uniform deformation, which will cease upon removal of the stress, with the body returning instantly to its original size and shape without an energy loss. Many ceramic whiteware materials conform to this definition well enough that this test is meaningful. Note 2: Isotropic means that the elastic properties are the same in all directions in the material. 1.3 A cryogenic cabinet and high-temperature furnace are described for measuring the elastic moduli as a function of temperature from −195 to 1200 °C. 1.4 Modification of the test for use in quality control is possible. A range of acceptable resonance frequencies is determined for a piece with a particular geometry and density. Any specimen with a frequency response falling outside this frequency range is rejected. The actual modulus of each piece need not be determined as long as the limits of the selected frequency range are known to include the resonance frequency that the piece must possess if its geometry and density are within specified tolerances. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 3.1 This test system has advantages in certain respects over the use of static loading systems in the measurement of ceramic whitewares. 3.1.1 Only minute stresses are applied to the specimen, thus minimizing the possibility of fracture. 3.1.2 The period of time during which stress is applied and removed is of the order of hundreds of microseconds, making it feasible to perform measurements at temperatures where delayed elastic and creep effects proceed on a much-shortened time scale. 3.2 This test method is suitable for detecting whether a material meets specifications, if cognizance is given to one important fact: ceramic whiteware materials are sensitive to thermal history. Therefore, the thermal history of a test specimen must be known before the moduli can be considered in terms of specified values. Material specifications should include a specific thermal treatment for all test specimens.