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EWEB Home Water Survey Program EWEB家庭用水调查计划
发布日期: 2002-01-01
本文讨论了1997年由俄勒冈州尤金市尤金水电局(Eugene Water&Electric Board,EWEB)引入的家庭用水调查计划(最初称为家庭用水审计计划)。该项目的主要目标是通过向参与者介绍有效的浇水方法来减少户外用水。这些措施包括遵循蒸散量(ET)指南、喷头调整、安装滴灌、了解院子里植物的不同用水需求,以及地下灌溉系统的防回流建议。此外,该项目的重点是室内用水。测量员寻找泄漏,推广节约资源的设备,并对固定装置的流量进行分类。免费的通气器和淋浴头会提供给那些能使用它们的人。EWEB的项目有三个独特之处:向客户提供与洒水器测量相关的ET信息;在审计过程中对灌溉系统进行回流检查(如有必要,免费的第一次测试会以教育性的、积极的方式使客户遵守要求); 此外,基于ET的客户用水指数与项目评估阶段所需水量之间的关系。通过引入客观指标ET,我们能够向客户展示一种最小化用水的方法,同时增强他们的信心,即他们将能够继续保持美丽健康的景观。该计划的创新可转移到其他服务领域。该项目为项目评估设定了高标准,以确保准确测量项目对峰值用水量的影响。后续研究表明,在审计后的前三年,项目参与者的峰值用水量持续减少。EWEB开发了一个新的Access数据库,使用现场数据输入进行评估。作者认为,该工具可用于提供项目有效性的综合和持续评估。包括表格、数字。
This paper discusses the Home Water Survey Program (originally called the Home Water Audit Program) that was introduced in 1997 by the Eugene Water & Electric Board (EWEB) in Eugene, Oregon. The program's primary goal is to reduce outdoor water use by introducing participants to efficient watering methods. These include following evapotranspiration (ET) guidelines, sprinkler adjustments, installing drip irrigation and becoming aware of different water needs of plants in their yard as well as backflow protection recommendations for underground irrigation systems. Additionally, the program focuses on indoor water use. Surveyors look for leaks, promote resource efficient appliances and catalog fixture flow rates. Free aerators and showerheads are given to those who can use them. EWEB's program is unique is three areas: ET information is provided to the customer linked to sprinkler measurements; backflow inspection of irrigation systems wrapped into the audit process (if necessary, a free first test brings customers into compliance in an educational, positive way); and, ET based indexing of customer water use to the amount of water needed in the evaluation phase of the program. By introducing an objective measure, ET, we are able to show customers a way to minimize water use while bolstering their confidence that they will be able to continue to maintain beautiful and healthy landscapes. The innovations of this program are transferable to other service areas. This program sets a high standard for program evaluation as a way to ensure accurate measurement of the program's effect on peak water use. A follow-up study indicates a sustained reduction of peak water use for program participants in the first three years after the audit. A new Access database has been developed by EWEB to perform the evaluation using field data inputs. The author believes this tool can be useful for providing integrated and continuous evaluation of program effectiveness. Includes tables, figures.
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发布单位或类别: 美国-美国给水工程协会
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