1.1 本规范涵盖了与标称直径为的紧固件一起使用的硬化钢支承垫圈和反应垫圈的化学、机械和尺寸要求 1. / 2. 在里面至3英寸。M14到M80。这些垫圈用于螺栓、螺母、螺柱、DTI和其他内外螺纹紧固件的通用机械和结构用途。这些垫圈适用于规范中涵盖的紧固件 A354型 , A193/A193M , A194/A194M , A320/A320M , F959/F959M , A449 , A563型 , A563米 和 F3125 . 1.2 垫圈由指定 风格 表示形状，通过 类型 表示材料，按英寸或公制尺寸。 1.2.1 涵盖的垫圈类型包括: 1.2.1.1 反应- 一侧带有滚花表面和轮廓外径的圆形垫圈，设计用于与安装工具耦合。 1.2.1.2 备份- 两侧有滚花表面的圆形垫圈。 1.2.2 覆盖的垫圈类型包括: 1.2.2.1 类型1- 中碳钢或中碳合金钢。 1.2.2.2 类型3- 耐候钢。本规范规定由供应商选择提供化学成分或腐蚀指数（CRI）为6或更高的类型3。 1.3 英寸紧固件的数值以英寸-磅单位表示，公制紧固件的数值以国际单位制表示，应单独视为标准值。 每个系统中规定的值可能不是精确的等效值；因此，每个系统应相互独立使用。将两个系统的值合并可能会导致不符合标准。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。

1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and dimensional requirements for hardened steel Backup and Reaction washers for use with fasteners having nominal diameters of 1 / 2 in. through 3 in. and M14 through M80. These washers are intended for general-purpose mechanical and structural use with bolts, nuts, studs, DTIs, and other internally and externally threaded fasteners. These washers are suitable for use with fasteners covered in Specifications A354 , A193/A193M , A194/A194M , A320/A320M , F959/F959M , A449 , A563 , A563M , and F3125 . 1.2 The washers are designated by style denoting the shape, by type denoting the material, and by inch or metric dimensions. 1.2.1 The styles of washers covered are: 1.2.1.1 Reaction— Circular washers with a knurled surface on one side and a contoured outside diameter designed to couple with the installation tool. 1.2.1.2 Backup— Circular washers having a knurled surface on both sides. 1.2.2 The types of washers covered are: 1.2.2.1 Type 1— Medium Carbon or Medium Carbon Alloy Steel. 1.2.2.2 Type 3— Weathering steel. This specification provides for furnishing Type 3 to chemical composition or a Corrosion Index (CRI) of 6 or higher, at the supplier’s option. 1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units for inch fasteners and SI units for metric fasteners and are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.