提出了日本低能耗住宅太阳能利用的优化方案。为了设计合理的太阳能系统，认识住宅的能源消耗结构以及该地区的气候条件非常重要。使用从日本住宅能源调查中获得的统计数据发现，购买能源的三个主要部分是空间供暖、家用热水供暖和家用电器（包括照明和烹饪）。因此，本文提出了以下策略，并通过仿真研究进行了验证:对建筑围护结构进行隔热，以降低空间热能；太阳能热水供暖系统，减少热水供暖能耗；以及减少家庭能源的光伏（PV）系统。 使用建筑能源和环境模拟通用计算机程序进行了严格的模拟，结果表明，如果使用太阳能集热器和光伏阵列的适当组合，将总购买能源减少到日本普通住宅能耗的50%的可能性相当高。从模拟结果还可以看出，为了减少日本隔热良好房屋的购买能源，应强调使用太阳能热水供暖系统。关键词:1997年，能源消耗，太阳能，住宅，优化，日本，低能住宅，隔热，计算，空间供暖，热水，光伏电池，太阳能收集器引用: 研讨会，ASHRAE Trans。1997年，第103卷，第一部分

Optimisation of solar energy use for low-energy residential houses in Japan is proposed. In order to design rational solar energy systems, it is important to recognise the structure of energy consumption of the residential houses as well as the climatic conditions of the region. Using statistical data obtained from an energy survey of residences in Japan, it has been found that the three major portions of purchased energy are space heating, domestic hot water heating and household appliances (including lighting and cooking). Therefore, the following strategies are proposed to be validated by the simulation study - Thermal insulation of building envelopes to reduce space heating energy; solar hot water heating system to reduce hot water heating energy; and a photovoltaic (PV) system for reducing household energy. The rigorous simulation was carried out using the generalised computer program for energy and environmental simulation of buildings and the results showed a fairly high possibility of reducing total purchased energy to 50% of the energy consumption of the average Japanese residence, provided appropriate combinations of solar collector and PV arrays were used. From the results of the simulation, it is also noted that the use of solar hot water heating systems should be emphasised for reducing the purchased energy of the well-insulated houses in Japan.KEYWORDS: year 1997, Energy consumption, solar energy, housing, optimisation, Japan, low energy housing, thermal insulation, calculating, space heating, water heating, hot water supply, photovoltaic cells, solar collectors