BS ISO 15243:2017对材料制成的滚动轴承在使用中出现的不同故障模式进行了分类 标准轴承钢。对于每个故障模式，它定义并描述了特征、外观 以及失败的可能根本原因。它将有助于根据故障模式识别故障模式 外貌在本文件中，对以下术语进行了解释:滚动轴承故障:导致轴承无法达到预期性能的损坏 设计性能或标志着使用寿命的结束；在用:轴承一离开制造商？s工厂； 可见特征:可以直接观察或使用放大镜或光学显微镜观察的特征， 也有那些来自图片，但只有使用非破坏性的方法。考虑的范围仅限于外观变化的特征形式和已明确定义的故障 外观和可高度确定地归因于特定原因。描述了用于解释更改和故障的特别有趣的特征。各种形式 并用照片说明了最常见的原因。如果根本原因无法通过目视检查和表征进行可靠评估 根据本文件中的信息，应考虑进行其他调查。这些方法在A.3中进行了总结，例如，可能涉及使用侵入性方法 可能包括横截面的拍摄，通过视觉和电子技术进行冶金结构分析 显微镜、化学和光谱分析。这些专门的方法不在本文的范围之内 这份文件。建议一般使用子条款标题中显示的故障模式术语。哪里 给出了用于描述子模式的适当的替代表达式或同义词，并 用A解释。 4.A.2中给出了滚动轴承故障的示例，以及故障原因的说明 并提出了纠正措施。交叉引用:ISO 5593:1997第1版ISO 6601:2002第2版ISO 8785:1998（R04）ISO 281:2007第2版（R10）购买本文件时提供的所有当前修订版均包含在购买本文件中。

BS ISO 15243:2017 classifies different modes of failure occurring in service for rolling bearings made of standard bearing steels. For each failure mode, it defines and describes the characteristics, appearance and possible root causes of failure. It will assist in the identification of failure modes based on appearance.For the purposes of this document, the following terms are explained:failure of a rolling bearing: the result of a damage that prevents the bearing meeting the intended design performance or marks the end of service life;in service: as soon as the bearing has left the manufacturer?s factory;visible features: those that are possible to observe directly or with magnifiers or optical microscopes, also those from pictures, but only with the use of non-destructive methods.Consideration is restricted to characteristic forms of change in appearance and failure that have welldefined appearance and which can be attributed to particular causes with a high degree of certainty.The features of particular interest for explaining changes and failures are described. The various forms are illustrated with photographs and the most frequent causes are indicated.If the root cause cannot be reliably assessed by the examination and characterization of visual features against the information in this document, then additional investigations are to be considered.These methods are summarized in A.3 and may involve, for example, the use of invasive methods possibly including taking of cross sections, metallurgical structural analysis by visual and electronic microscopes, chemical and spectrographic analysis. These specialized methods are outside the scope of this document.The failure mode terms shown in the subclause titles are recommended for general use. Where appropriate, alternative expressions or synonyms used to describe the submodes are given and explained in A.4.Examples of rolling bearing failures are given in A.2, together with a description of the causes of failure and proposed corrective actions.Cross References:ISO 5593:1997 Ed 1 ISO 6601:2002 Ed 2ISO 8785:1998 (R04)ISO 281:2007 Ed 2 (R10)All current amendments available at time of purchase are included with the purchase of this document.