1.1这些实践包括项目/巡航报告方法，以及处理、运输和储存软粘性完整海洋土壤的方法。还介绍了制备三轴强度土样和固结试验的程序。 1.2这些做法可能包括处理和运输受有害物质污染的沉积物样本和受检疫条例约束的样本。 1.3这些实践为执行一个或多个特定操作提供了一套说明。 本文件不能取代教育或经验，应与专业判断一起使用。并非本惯例的所有方面都适用于所有情况。本ASTM标准不代表或取代必须根据其判断给定专业服务的充分性的谨慎标准，也不应在不考虑项目的许多独特方面的情况下应用本文件。文字 “ 标准 ” 在文件标题中，仅表示该文件已通过ASTM共识程序获得批准。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 第1、2和7节给出了具体的预防说明。 1.5以可接受的国际单位制为标准。括号中给出的值仅供参考。 ====意义和用途====== 采样后对沉积物施加的扰动可能会显著影响某些岩土特性。需要遵循谨慎的实践，以最大限度地减少因搬运、储存和准备测试沉积物样本而引起的土壤结构变化。 笔记 1-本标准产生的结果的质量取决于执行该标准的人员的能力，以及所用设备和设施的适用性。符合实践D 3740标准的机构 通常认为能够胜任和客观的测试/采样/检查等。 本标准的用户应注意遵守实施规程D 3740 本身并不能保证可靠的结果。可靠的结果取决于可能的因素；实践D 3740 提供了一种评估其中一些因素的方法。 本文件中介绍的实践应用于具有非常软或软剪切强度（不排水剪切强度小于25 kPa（3.6 psi））稠度的土壤。 笔记 2-如果没有支撑，在海底或其正下方获得的一些土壤在其自身重量下迅速变形。 这种类型的行为为某些类型的测试带来了特殊问题。在这些情况下，需要特殊的处理和准备程序。有时在海上进行试验，以尽量减少储存时间和搬运对土壤性质的影响。基于太沙基和佩克，选择了小于25 kPa的不排水剪切强度。他们将极软饱和粘土定义为不排水抗剪强度小于25 kPa。 这些做法应适用于自然形成的海洋土壤（可能易碎或高度敏感），用于密度测定、固结、渗透性测试或剪切强度测试，有应力或无应力- 应变特性和体积变化测量（见注3）。此外，还可以对样品进行动态和循环测试。 笔记 3-为了帮助评估干扰，X射线照相术已证明有帮助，请参阅方法D 4452 . 这些做法适用于不允许孔隙水快速排水的细粒土。尽管许多程序可适用于粗粒土壤，但排水可能发生得很快，足以保证这些实践中未涵盖的特殊处理程序。 这些做法主要适用于在薄壁或类似取芯装置中获得的土壤样本，这些取芯装置可以产生高质量的芯样，或者通过将薄壁管推入另一个取样装置获得的芯样。 这些实践可以与含气体的土壤一起使用，但是，已经开发了这些实践中未涵盖的更专业的程序和设备，用于此类材料。 笔记 4-有关处理充气沉积物的信息，读者可参阅Johns等人的论文。 ，和李。

1.1 These practices cover methods for project/cruise reporting, and handling, transporting and storing soft cohesive intact marine soil. Procedures for preparing soil specimens for triaxial strength, and consolidation testing are also presented. 1.2 These practices may include the handling and transporting of sediment specimens contaminated with hazardous materials and samples subject to quarantine regulations. 1.3 These practices offer a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “ Standard ” in the title of the document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Sections 1, 2 and 7. 1.5 The values in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. ====== Significance And Use ====== Disturbance imparted to sediments after sampling can significantly affect some geotechnical properties. Careful practices need to be followed to minimize soil fabric changes caused from handling, storing, and preparing sediment specimens for testing. Note 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D 3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on may factors; Practice D 3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors. The practices presented in this document should be used with soil that has a very soft or soft shear strength (undrained shear strength less than 25 kPa (3.6 psi)) consistency. Note 2—Some soils that are obtained at or just below the seafloor quickly deform under their own weight if left unsupported. This type of behavior presents special problems for some types of testing. Special handling and preparation procedures are required under those circumstances. Test are sometimes performed at sea to minimize the effect of storage time and handling on soil properties. An undrained shear strength of less than 25 kPa was selected based on Terzaghi and Peck. They defined a very soft saturated clay as having undrained shear strength less than 25 kPa. These practices shall apply to specimens of naturally formed marine soil (that may or may not be fragile or highly sensitive) that will be used for density determination, consolidation, permeability testing or shear strength testing with or without stress-strain properties and volume change measurements (see Note 3). In addition, dynamic and cyclic testing can also be performed on the sample. Note 3—To help evaluate disturbance, X-Ray Radiography has proven helpful, refer to Methods D 4452 . These practices apply to fine-grained soils that do not allow the rapid drainage of pore water. Although many of the procedures can apply to coarser-grained soils, drainage may occur rapidly enough to warrant special handling procedures not covered in these practices. These practices apply primarily to soil specimens that are obtained in thin-walled or similar coring devices that produce high-quality cores or that are obtained by pushing a thin-walled tube into cores taken with another sampling device. These practices can be used in conjunction with soils containing gas, however, more specialized procedures and equipment that are not covered in these practices have been developed for use with such materials. Note 4—For information on handling gas charged sediments, the reader is referred to papers by Johns, et al., and Lee.