1.1 本试验方法描述了通过与参考温度计进行比较来校准热电偶的原理、装置和程序。校准涵盖了适用于各种类型热电偶的温度范围，总范围约为−195°C至1700°C(−320°F至3100°F）。 1.2 通常，本试验方法适用于未使用的热电偶。本试验方法不适用于使用过的热电偶，因为其潜在的材料不均匀性无法通过标准校准技术识别或量化其影响。带有大直径热电偶和铠装热电偶的热电偶可能需要特别小心，以控制热传导损耗。 1.3 在本试验方法中，所有温度值均基于1990年的国际温标。 请参阅指南 E1594 . 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 对于热电偶的用户或制造商，本试验方法提供了一种在使用前验证材料emf温度特性的方法。 5.2 该测试方法可用于校准热电偶作为参考，也可用于校准代表一批采购、组装热电偶的热电偶。 5.3 该试验方法可用于验证热电偶材料是否符合规范中表格等规范的温度公差 E230 或商业、军事或研究应用所需的其他特殊规范。

1.1 This test method describes the principles, apparatus, and procedure for calibrating thermocouples by comparison with a reference thermometer. Calibrations are covered over temperature ranges appropriate to the individual types of thermocouples within an overall range from approximately −195 °C to 1700 °C (−320 °F to 3100 °F). 1.2 In general, this test method is applicable to unused thermocouples. This test method does not apply to used thermocouples due to their potential material inhomogeneity—the effects of which cannot be identified or quantified by standard calibration techniques. Thermocouples with large-diameter thermoelements and sheathed thermocouples may require special care to control thermal conduction losses. 1.3 In this test method, all values of temperature are based on the International Temperature Scale of 1990. See Guide E1594 . 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 For users or manufacturers of thermocouples, this test method provides a means of verifying the emf-temperature characteristics of the material prior to use. 5.2 This test method can be used to calibrate a thermocouple for use as a reference, or it can be used to calibrate thermocouples representing a batch of purchased, assembled thermocouples. 5.3 This test method can be used for the verification of the conformance of thermocouple materials to temperature tolerances for specifications such as the tables in Specification E230 or other special specifications as required for commercial, military, or research applications.