1.1 本规程用于测定碱萃取后固体废物、沉积物和土壤样品中的总氰化物或有效氰化物。简单氰化物（CN - )第1组和第2组（碱土金属和碱土金属）金属的盐；锌、铜、镉、汞、镍、银和铁氰化物的可溶性碱金属盐和碱土金属盐；定量回收不溶性金属氰化物，如普鲁士蓝。在分析过程中，金、铂族金属和氰化钴络合物未回收。 1.2 由于萃取过程中平衡条件的变化，无法测定游离氰化物。 1.3 氰化物络合物按本规程所述提取到碱性溶液中。使用测试方法测量总氰化物 D7511 或 D7284 . 使用测试方法测量可用氰化物 D6888 . 计算土壤或废物中的氰化物含量。 1.4 方法检测限（MDL）取决于用于测量氰化物含量的测试方法。根据引用的方法，其含量约为1 mg/kg，最低含量（ML）为5 mg/kg。 适用范围还取决于用于测量氰化物的测试方法。根据引用的方法，其为5至100 mg/kg。 1.5 具有萃取和流动注射分析（FIA）经验的分析员或在此类合格人员的密切监督下工作的分析员应使用本规程。 1.6 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.7 本实践提供了一组用于执行一个或多个特定操作的说明。 本文件不能取代教育或经验，应与专业判断一起使用。并非本惯例的所有方面都适用于所有情况。本ASTM标准不代表或取代必须根据其判断给定专业服务的充分性的谨慎标准，也不应在不考虑项目的许多独特方面的情况下应用本文件。标题中的“标准”一词仅表示该文件已通过ASTM共识程序获得批准。 1.8 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 第节给出了具体的危险说明 9 . 1.9 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 氰化物和氰化氢有毒。已制定法规，要求测量土壤和固体废物样品中的氰化物。这种做法也有助于进行物料平衡，以说明冶金过程中氰化物在氰化产品中的分布。 5.2 本规程适用于测定土壤和固体废物中的有效或总水溶性氰化物或二者，以及水不溶性氰化物。 5.3 水不溶性氰化物络合物，如普鲁士蓝，不能通过蒸馏方法完全回收。 本规程提取所有氰化物，包括水不溶性氰化物，如普鲁士蓝，然后可以使用测试方法分析提取液中的氰化物 D6888 , D7284 或 D7511 .

1.1 This practice is used for the determination of total or available cyanide in solid waste, sediment and soil samples after alkaline extraction. Simple cyanide (CN - ) salts of group 1 and group 2 (alkali and alkaline earth) metals; soluble alkali and alkaline earth salts of zinc, copper, cadmium, mercury, nickel, silver, and iron cyanide complexes; and insoluble metal-metal cyanide complexes, such as Prussian blue, are quantitatively recovered. Gold, platinum group metals and cobalt cyanide complexes are not recovered during analysis. 1.2 Free cyanide cannot be determined due to the change of equilibrium conditions during the extraction process. 1.3 Cyanide complexes are extracted into an alkaline solution as described in this practice. Measure the total cyanide using Test Methods D7511 or D7284 . Measure the available cyanide using Test Method D6888 . Calculate cyanide content in the soil or waste. 1.4 The method detection limit (MDL) is dependent on the test method used to measure the cyanide content. Based on the methods cited, it is approximately 1 mg/kg and the minimum level (ML) is 5 mg/kg. The applicable range is also dependent on the test method used to measure cyanide. Based on the methods cited, it is 5 to 100 mg/kg. 1.5 This practice should be used by analysts experienced with extractions and flow injection analysis (FIA), or working under the close supervision of such qualified persons. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 9 . 1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Cyanide and hydrogen cyanide are highly toxic. Regulations have been established requiring the measurement of cyanide in soil and solid waste samples. This practice is also useful for performing material balances to account for the distribution of cyanides in cyanidation products from metallurgical processes. 5.2 This practice is applicable to the determination of available or total water soluble, or both, and water insoluble cyanides in soil and solid waste. 5.3 Water insoluble cyanide complexes, such as Prussian blue, are not completely recovered by distillation methods. This practice extracts all cyanides, including the water insoluble cyanides such as Prussian blue, and then the extract solution can be analyzed for cyanide with Test Methods D6888 , D7284 , or D7511 .