这篇文章对水处理的各种膜工艺进行了介绍性概述。了解不同类型膜工艺的优点和局限性很重要。应用良好的工程和测试原理，可以选择适当的膜工艺，以提供有效的处理，减少水中许多受管制和不受管制的物质。在给定应用中使用的膜工艺取决于原水质量和成品水处理目标。 具体来说，有必要确定哪些材料需要去除，它们必须去除到什么程度，以及水中的其他材料可能对膜性能有什么影响。本文定义的工艺有:反渗透和纳滤；脱盐膜应用；超滤和微滤；滤膜应用；电渗析逆转（EDR）；EDR过程应用。

This article provides an introductory overview of the various membrane processes for water treatment. The advantages and limitations of the different types of membrane processes are important to understand. Applying sound engineering and testing principals, the appropriate membrane process can be selected to provide effective treatment for reducing many regulated and unregulated materials in water. The membrane process or processes to be used in a given application depends on the raw water quality and the finished water treatment objective. Specifically, it is necessary to determine what materials require removal, to what level they must be removed, and what effect other materials in the water may have on membrane performance. Processes defined in this paper are: reverse osmosis and nanofiltration; desalination membrane applications; ultrafiltration and microfiltration; filtration membrane applications; electrodialysis reversal (EDR); EDR process applications.