1.1 本试验方法涵盖了评估橡胶和类橡胶组合物承受液体影响的比较能力所需的程序。其设计用于测试:( 1. )从标准板材上切下的硫化橡胶试样（见实施规程 D3182 ), ( 2. )从涂有硫化橡胶的织物上切下的试样（见试验方法 D751 )，或( 3. )成品商品（见惯例 D3183 ). 本试验方法不适用于多孔橡胶、多孔成分和压缩片状填料的试验，除非另有说明 12.2.2 . 1.2 周期性地，有必要生产新一批IRM油，以取代当前产品不断减少的供应。小组委员会主席有权批准更换批次的生产。一旦产生，新批次的技术数据应与现有批次的技术数据进行比较，并由D11成员进行投票。 随后或同时，D11主要委员会成员投票批准发放新地块供分配。 1.3 如果IRM油因耗尽而无法分销，小组委员会主席有权批准新批次的生产，并在工作组会议后，定期或不定期发布足够数量的产品进行分销，以解决积压问题。一旦解决了积压工作，中描述的过程 1.2 应遵守。 1.4 ASTM 2号和3号油（以前在本试验方法中用作标准试验液体）不再在市场上销售，1993年分别被IRM 902和IRM 903取代（见 附录X1 详细信息）。 1.5 ASTM 1号油，以前在本试验方法中作为标准试验液体使用，不再在市场上出售，2005年被IRM 901取代；提到 表1 和 附录X3 详细信息。 1.6 ASTM 5号油被纳入规范 D5900 2010年作为行业参考材料，并指定为IRM 905。该浸油的成分和性能没有改变，数据在 表1 保持当前状态。提到 附录X4 了解其他详细信息。 1.7 中列出的规格和特性 表1 对于IRM 901，IRM 902、IRM 903和IRM 905也在规范中维护 D5900 . 1.7.1 负责维护试验方法的小组委员会 D471 ，目前为D11.15，应审查规范中的数据 D5900 确保其与试验方法中出现的相同 D471 . 这应在5年审查时完成，或在必要时更频繁地完成。 1.8 关于从ASTM 1号、ASTM 2号和ASTM 3号油转换为IRM 901、IRM 902和IRM 903浸没油的历史、技术和背景信息在实践中保持不变 D5964 . 1.8.1 负责维护试验方法的小组委员会 D471 ，目前为D11.15，应在实践中审查数据 D5964 确保其与试验方法中出现的相同 D471 . 这应在5年审查时完成，或在必要时更频繁地完成。 1.9 该试验方法包括以下内容: 质量变化（浸泡后） 部分 11 体积变化（浸泡后） 部分 12 水不溶性液体的尺寸变化法- UID和混合液体 部分 13 只有一个表面上有液体时的质量变化 部分 14 测定由溶液萃取的可溶性物质的质量 液体 部分 15 抗拉强度、伸长率和硬度的变化 （浸泡后） 部分 16 断裂阻力、爆裂强度、撕裂度的变化 涂层织物的强度和附着力 部分 17 计算（试验结果） 部分 18 1.10 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。括号中的值仅供参考。 1.11 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.12 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 某些橡胶制品，例如密封件、垫片、软管、隔膜和套筒，在使用过程中可能会接触到油、油脂、燃料和其他液体。暴露可能是连续的或间歇性的，并且可能发生在较宽的温度范围内。 4.2 暴露在这些液体中时，橡胶制品的性能会恶化，影响橡胶部件的性能，从而导致部分失效。 4.3 该试验方法试图通过受控加速试验模拟使用条件，但可能与实际零件性能没有任何直接关系，因为使用条件变化太大。它会产生比较数据，作为判断预期服务质量的基础。 4.4 本测试方法适用于规范符合性测试、质量控制、仲裁目的以及研发工作。

1.1 This test method covers the required procedures to evaluate the comparative ability of rubber and rubber-like compositions to withstand the effect of liquids. It is designed for testing: ( 1 ) specimens of vulcanized rubber cut from standard sheets (see Practice D3182 ), ( 2 ) specimens cut from fabric coated with vulcanized rubber (see Test Methods D751 ), or ( 3 ) finished articles of commerce (see Practice D3183 ). This test method is not applicable to the testing of cellular rubbers, porous compositions, and compressed sheet packing, except as described in 12.2.2 . 1.2 Periodically, it is necessary to produce a new lot of an IRM oil to replace the dwindling supply of the current product. The Chairman of the subcommittee shall have the authority to approve the production of a replacement lot. Once produced, the technical data of the new lot shall be presented, in a comparative fashion, to that of the existing lot and balloted upon by the membership of the D11.15 subcommittee and, either subsequently or concurrently, balloted upon by the membership of the D11 main committee for approval to release the new lot for distribution. 1.3 In the event that an IRM oil becomes unavailable for distribution due to depletion, the Chairman of the subcommittee shall have the authority to approve production of a new lot and, after a meeting of the task group, regularly scheduled, or not, to release a quantity of the product for distribution sufficient enough only to address a backlog. Once the backlog is addressed, the process described in 1.2 shall be followed. 1.4 ASTM Oils No. 2 and No. 3, formerly used in this test method as standard test liquids, are no longer commercially available and in 1993 were replaced with IRM 902 and IRM 903, respectively (see Appendix X1 for details). 1.5 ASTM No. 1 Oil, previously used in this test method as a standard test liquid, is no longer commercially available and in 2005 was replaced with IRM 901; refer to Table 1 and Appendix X3 for details. 1.6 ASTM No. 5 Oil was accepted into Specification D5900 as an industry reference material in 2010 and designated as IRM 905. The composition, and properties of this immersion oil were not changed and the data in Table 1 remains current. Refer to Appendix X4 for other details. 1.7 The specifications and properties listed in Table 1 for IRM 901, IRM 902, IRM 903, and IRM 905 are also maintained in Specification D5900 . 1.7.1 The subcommittee responsible for maintaining Test Method D471 , presently D11.15, shall review the data in Specification D5900 to ensure that it is identical to that which appears in Test Method D471 . This shall be accomplished at the time of the 5 year review or more frequently when necessary. 1.8 Historical, technical, and background information regarding the conversion from ASTM No. 1, ASTM No. 2, and ASTM No. 3 Oils to IRM 901, IRM 902, and IRM 903 immersion oils is maintained in Practice D5964 . 1.8.1 The subcommittee responsible for maintaining Test Method D471 , presently D11.15, shall review the data in Practice D5964 to ensure that it is identical to that which appears in Test Method D471 . This shall be accomplished at the time of the 5 year review or more frequently when necessary. 1.9 This test method includes the following: Change in Mass (after immersion) Section 11 Change in Volume (after immersion) Section 12 Dimensional-Change Method for Water-Insoluble Liq- uids and Mixed Liquids Section 13 Change in Mass with Liquid on One Surface Only Section 14 Determining Mass of Soluble Matter Extracted by the Liquid Section 15 Change in Tensile Strength, Elongation and Hardness (after immersion) Section 16 Change in Breaking Resistance, Burst Strength, Tear Strength and Adhesion for Coated Fabrics Section 17 Calculation (of test results) Section 18 1.10 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. 1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Certain rubber articles, for example, seals, gaskets, hoses, diaphragms, and sleeves, may be exposed to oils, greases, fuels, and other fluids during service. The exposure may be continuous or intermittent and may occur over wide temperature ranges. 4.2 Properties of rubber articles deteriorate during exposure to these liquids, affecting the performance of the rubber part, which can result in partial failure. 4.3 This test method attempts to simulate service conditions through controlled accelerated testing, but may not give any direct correlation with actual part performance, since service conditions vary too widely. It yields comparative data on which to base judgment as to expected service quality. 4.4 This test method is suitable for specification compliance testing, quality control, referee purposes, and research and development work.