1.1 本规程规定了对漫射照明的不透明材料的颜色和色差进行视觉评估的设备和程序。这些规格在颜色匹配中至关重要。该实践要求观察员以最低的正常色觉进行判断，最好优于指南中规定的FM-100色调测试 E1499 . 1.2 对金属漆和珠光漆等材料的颜色和色差进行关键的视觉评估时，需要的照明几乎是直接阳光的几何模拟，因为这种定向照明允许观察这些材料的闪光和角色差。这种观察条件超出了本规程的范围。 1.3 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。括号中给出的值仅供参考。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 虽然颜色测量仪器被广泛使用，但通常会目视检查颜色匹配情况。目视检查的标准化大大提高了产品的均匀性和配色的准确性。 4.2 使用本规程对关键配色至关重要，但也建议用于任何颜色评估，如颜色的选择或批准。这种做法在工业中广泛用于选择颜色、展示颜色的再现性、检查来料、监控颜色生产过程和检查成品。当被检查的产品与所比较的颜色标准的材料不同时，视觉评估尤为重要。 4.2.1 观察员- 该实践基于这样一个基本假设，即观察者具有优越的色觉，并且在观察和分类色差方面经过培训和经验丰富。 结果的重要性取决于事实。指南中介绍了观察员的选择、评估和培训 E1499 . 4.2.2 照明- 国际照明委员会（CIE）推荐模拟平均日光D65。D50建议用于ISO 3364-2009中规定的涉及彩色摄影或彩色打印的应用。

1.1 This practice specifies the equipment and procedures for visual appraisal of the colors and color differences of opaque materials that are diffusely illuminated. These specifications are of critical importance in color matching. This practice requires judgments by observers with a minimum of normal color vision and preferably superior as rated with the FM-100 Hue Test as specified in Guide E1499 . 1.2 Critical visual appraisal of colors and color differences of materials such as metallic and pearlescent paints requires illumination that is nearly a geometric simulation of direct sunlight, because such directional illumination permits observation of the sparkle (glitter) and goniochromatism that characterize such materials. Such viewing conditions are beyond the scope of this practice. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Although color measuring instruments are widely used, color matches are usually checked visually. The standardization of visual examination has greatly improved the uniformity of products and the accuracy of color matches. 4.2 The use of this practice is essential for critical color matching but is also recommended for any color appraisal, such as the choice or approval of a color. This practice is widely used in industry to choose colors, exhibit colors reproducibility, inspect incoming materials, monitor color producing processes, and inspect finished goods. Visual appraisal is particularly important when the product inspected is not of the same material as the color standard to which it is compared. 4.2.1 Observers— This practice is based on the fundamental assumption that the observer has superior color vision and is trained and experienced in observing and classifying color differences. The significance of the results depends on that being so. The selection, evaluation, and training of observers are treated in Guide E1499 . 4.2.2 Illumination— Simulated average daylight, D65, is recommended by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). D50 is recommended for applications involving color photography or color printing as specified in ISO 3364-2009.