1.1 本试验方法涵盖了沸点范围在20°C之间的石油产品和液体燃料蒸馏特性的测定程序 °C至400 °C，使用自动微量蒸馏装置。 1.2 本试验方法适用于以下产品:；轻馏分和中间馏分，汽车火花点火式发动机燃料，含20 % 乙醇、航空汽油、航空涡轮燃料、常规和低硫柴油、生物柴油（B100）、生物柴油混合物（最多20种） % 生物柴油、特种石油醚、石脑油、白酒、煤油、燃烧器燃料和船用燃料。 1.3 该试验方法也适用于沸点范围较窄的碳氢化合物，如有机溶剂或含氧化合物。 1.4 该试验方法是为分析馏分产品而设计的；它不适用于含有大量残余材料的产品。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.6 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 碳氢化合物和其他液体的蒸馏（挥发性）特性对其安全性和性能有重要影响，尤其是在燃料和溶剂的情况下。 沸腾范围提供了有关燃料在储存和使用过程中的成分、特性和行为的信息。挥发性是碳氢化合物混合物产生潜在爆炸性蒸汽趋势的主要决定因素。 5.2 蒸馏特性对汽车和航空汽油都至关重要，影响启动、预热以及在高工作温度或高海拔或两者兼有时的气锁倾向。这些燃料和其他燃料中高沸点组分的存在会显著影响固体燃烧沉积物的形成程度。 5.3 蒸馏极限通常包括在石油产品规范、商业合同协议、炼油厂/控制应用程序以及遵守监管规则中。 5.4 该试验方法可应用于受污染的产品或碳氢化合物混合物。这对于快速产品质量筛选、精炼过程监控、燃料掺假控制或其他目的（包括用作现场测试的便携式设备）很有价值。 5.5 与测试方法相比，该测试方法使用自动微量蒸馏装置，使用小样本量提供快速结果，并消除了大量操作员时间和主观性 D86 .

1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination of the distillation characteristics of petroleum products and liquid fuels having boiling range between 20 °C to 400 °C at atmospheric pressure using an automatic micro distillation apparatus. 1.2 This test method is applicable to such products as; light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels containing up to 20 % ethanol, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, regular and low sulfur diesel fuels, biodiesel (B100), biodiesel blends up to 20 % biodiesel, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits, kerosines, burner fuels, and marine fuels. 1.3 The test method is also applicable to hydrocarbons with a narrow boiling range, like organic solvents or oxygenated compounds. 1.4 The test method is designed for the analysis of distillate products; it is not applicable to products containing appreciable quantities of residual material. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The distillation (volatility) characteristics of hydrocarbons and other liquids have an important effect on their safety and performance, especially in the case of fuels and solvents. The boiling range gives information on the composition, the properties, and the behavior of the fuel during storage and use. Volatility is the major determinant of the tendency of a hydrocarbon mixture to produce potentially explosive vapors. 5.2 The distillation characteristics are critically important for both automotive and aviation gasolines, affecting starting, warm-up, and tendency to vapor lock at high operating temperature or at high altitude, or both. The presence of high boiling point components in these and other fuels can significantly affect the degree of formation of solid combustion deposits. 5.3 Distillation limits are often included in petroleum product specifications, in commercial contract agreements, process refinery/control applications, and for compliance to regulatory rules. 5.4 This test method can be applied to contaminated products or hydrocarbon mixtures. This is valuable for fast product quality screening, refining process monitoring, fuel adulteration control, or other purposes including use as a portable apparatus for field testing. 5.5 This test method uses an automatic micro distillation apparatus, provides fast results using small sample volume, and eliminates much of the operator time and subjectivity in comparison to Test Method D86 .