1.1 本指南涵盖了出于侵蚀控制目的放置抛石和相关过滤器的方法。由于能够生产功能性产品的方法和程序多种多样，本指南不推荐具体的行动方案。本指南确定了良好的抛石质量，并推荐了最适合获得这些质量的实践。岩石的生产、回收材料的使用、切割尺寸的岩石以及工程和护岸设计不在本指南的范围内。特殊形式的抛石，包括手动抛石、灌浆抛石或夯实到位以使表面光滑的键合（电镀）抛石，也不在本指南的范围内。 1.2 本指南提供了有组织的信息收集或一系列选项，并不推荐具体的行动方案。 本文件不能取代教育或经验，应与专业判断一起使用。并非本指南的所有方面都适用于所有情况。本ASTM标准不代表或取代必须根据其判断给定专业服务的充分性的谨慎标准，也不应在不考虑项目的许多独特方面的情况下应用本文件。本文件标题中的“标准”一词仅表示该文件已通过ASTM共识程序制定和批准 1.3 单位- 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。国际单位制后括号中给出的值仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.4 本标准可能涉及危险操作和设备。本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 抛石是一种常用的冲刷防护和一般边坡防护形式。 当尺寸和安装适当时，抛石提供了长期解决方案。抛石具有结构灵活性，因此它将符合不规则表面，并适应较小的路基沉降。它通常适合与土壤生物工程（植被建设）替代方案结合使用。在某些环境中，抛石可能为底栖生物和鱼类提供栖息地。 4.2 护岸提供护面或衬里，以保护表面；在提供必要的抗冲刷能力的同时，通常将层厚度最小化。在这种情况下，获得具有可接受厚度公差和空隙的一致覆盖的标准化实践变得非常重要。 4.3 本指南可供参与抛石护坡施工的业主、安装承包商、监管机构、检查机构、设计师和规范人员使用。 具体工作条件可能需要修改。本指南不适用于大型项目的施工规范，但在编制工作特定施工规范不合理的情况下，可参考本指南。如果本惯例通过引用包含在合同文件中，则说明人应提供一份补充要求清单。

1.1 This guide covers methods to place riprap with associated filters for erosion control purposes. This guide does not recommend a specific course of action because of the diverse methods and procedures that are capable of producing a functional product. This guide identifies favorable riprap qualities and recommends practices best suited to obtain those qualities. The production of rock, use of recycled materials, rock with cut dimensions, and engineering and revetment design are beyond the scope of this guide. Special forms of riprap, including hand placed riprap, grouted riprap, or keyed (plated) riprap that is tamped into place to smooth the surface, are also beyond the scope of this guide. 1.2 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been developed and approved through the ASTM consensus process 1.3 Units— The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 This standard may involve hazardous operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Riprap is a commonly used form of scour protection and general slope protection. Riprap provides a long term solution when properly sized and installed. Riprap has structural flexibility so it will conform to irregular surfaces and adapt to minor subgrade settlement. It is often appropriate for use in conjunction with soil bioengineering (vegetation establishment) alternatives. In some environments, riprap may provide habitat for benthic organisms and fish. 4.2 Revetments provide a facing or lining to armor a surface; and the layer thickness is typically minimized while providing the necessary resistance to scour. In this case, standardized practices to obtain consistent coverage having acceptable thickness tolerances and voids become important. 4.3 This guide may be used by owners, installation contractors, regulatory agencies, inspection organizations, and designers and specifiers who are involved in the construction of riprap revetments. Modifications may be required for specific job conditions. This guide is not intended for construction specifications on large projects, but may be referenced where preparation of job specific construction specifications are not justified. If this practice is included by reference in contract documents, the specifier should provide a list of supplemental requirements.