1.1 这些试验方法包括对已装满的船运集装箱进行振动试验。此类测试可用于评估集装箱的性能，包括其内部包装和封闭方式，包括其强度和在运输中受到振动时对其内容物提供的保护。这些程序适用于测试任何形式、材料、种类、内包装设计、封闭方式以及任何尺寸和重量的容器。 它们不是为了确定产品对振动的响应以达到产品设计的目的，也不是为了在其操作配置中测试产品，因为其他更合适的程序可用于这些目的。 2. ， 3. 1.2 出现以下方法: 方法A1 --重复冲击试验（垂直运动）。 方法A2 --重复冲击试验（旋转运动）。 方法B --单容器共振试验。 方法C --托盘装载、组合装载或垂直装载 烟囱共振测试。 1.3 关于含有液体危险品的中型散装容器（IBC）的试验，请参考试验方法 D7387 。 1.4 这些测试方法符合国际标准化组织标准ISO 8318和ISO 2247的要求。 ISO标准可能不符合这些方法的要求。 1.5 以英寸磅为单位的数值应视为标准。括号中给出的值是国际单位制的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准。 1.6 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 具体的预防说明见第6节。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 当集装箱受到所有运输车辆中存在的振动时，集装箱会暴露在复杂的动态应力下。接近运输过程中经历的实际损坏或无损坏可能需要对集装箱和内容物进行振动输入。 4.2 运输过程中的共振反应可能非常严重，并可能导致包装或产品故障。识别临界频率和包装应力的性质有助于将这些情况的影响降至最低。 4.3 振动试验应基于有代表性的现场数据。在可能的情况下，可以通过将实验室测试结果与实际现场装运数据进行比较来提高置信水平。强烈建议了解分销中产品和包装最常见的故障，然后尝试在实验室中复制这些故障。一旦建立了这样的复制，那么该测试就可以成为未来包装产品通过的最低限度的必要测试。 4.4 暴露在振动中会影响运输集装箱、其内部包装、封闭方式和内容物。这些测试允许分析这些组件的相互作用。对这些部件中的一个或多个的设计修改可以用于在运输环境中实现最佳性能。 4.5 方法A1和A2重复冲击试验， 适用于在车辆底座上不受限制地运输的单个集装箱的测试，并且可能适用于由于单位载荷或堆叠中的振动放大而可能受到重复冲击的集装箱的测试。 注1: 方法A1和A2产生不同的振动运动，因此将产生不同的力，这可能导致不同的损伤模式和强度。这两种方法的结果可能彼此不相关。 4.6 方法B，单容器共振试验， 测试或确定单个容器及其内包装保护内容物免受运输振动影响的能力，特别是当容器及其内容物可能表现出共振响应时。 注2: 使用方法C可以更好地测试托盘化的单个产品。 4.7 方法C，托盘装载、组合装载或垂直堆叠共振试验， 涵盖了托盘装载货物和多个单元堆叠货物中共振的存在和影响的确定，以及集装箱的强度是否足以承受堆叠时的动态载荷。 4.8 根据适当的性能规范的规定，可以采用这些测试方法中的任何一种或全部，测试强度、频率范围和测试持续时间应符合规范的要求。 尽管这些测试没有模拟运输环境，但它们旨在创造运输环境的潜在损害。这些方法中任何一种的结果都可能与其他方法的结果不同。

1.1 These test methods cover vibration tests of filled shipping containers. Such tests may be used to assess the performance of a container, with its interior packing and means of closure, both in terms of its strength and of the protection it provides its contents when it is subjected to vibration such as it experiences in transportation. These procedures are suitable for testing containers of any form, material, kind, design of interior packing, means of closure, and any size and weight. They are not intended for determining the response of products to vibration for product design purposes, nor are they intended for tests of products in their operational configuration as other more suitable procedures are available for these purposes. 2 , 3 1.2 The following methods appear: Method A1 —Repetitive Shock Test (Vertical Motion). Method A2 —Repetitive Shock Test (Rotary Motion). Method B —Single Container Resonance Test. Method C —Palletized Load, Unitized Load, or Vertical Stack Resonance Test. 1.3 For testing of intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) containing liquid hazardous materials, refer to Test Method D7387 . 1.4 These test methods fulfill the requirements of International Organization for Standardization standards ISO 8318 and ISO 2247. The ISO standards may not meet the requirements for these methods. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 6. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Shipping containers are exposed to complex dynamic stresses when subjected to vibration present in all transportation vehicles. Approximating the actual damage, or lack of damage, experienced in shipping may require subjecting the container(s) and contents to vibration inputs. 4.2 Resonant responses during shipment can be severe and may lead to package or product failure. Identification of critical frequencies, and the nature of package stresses can aid in minimizing the effect of these occurrences. 4.3 Vibration tests should be based on representative field data. When possible, the confidence level may be improved by comparing laboratory test results with actual field shipment data. It is highly recommended that one understand the most common failures to one’s products and packaging in distribution, and then attempt to replicate those failures in the laboratory. Once such replication is established, then that test can become the minimum necessary test for future packaged products to pass. 4.4 Exposure to vibration can affect the shipping container, its interior packaging, means of closure, and contents. These tests allow analysis of the interaction of these components. Design modification to one or more of these components may be utilized to achieve optimum performance in the shipping environment. 4.5 Methods A1 and A2, Repetitive Shock Tests, are suitable for tests of individual containers that are transported unrestrained on the bed of a vehicle and may be suitable for tests of containers that might be subjected to repetitive shocks due to magnification of vibrations in unit loads or stacks. Note 1: Methods A1 and A2 produce different vibration motions, and therefore, will generate different forces which may result in different damage modes and intensities. Results from these two methods may not correlate with one another. 4.6 Method B, Single Container Resonance Test, tests or determines the ability of an individual container and its interior packaging to protect the contents from transportation vibration, particularly when the container and its contents might exhibit resonant responses. Note 2: Individual products that are palletized might be better tested using Method C. 4.7 Method C, Palletized Load, Unitized Load or Vertical Stack Resonance Test, covers the determination of the presence and the effects of resonance in palletized loads and multiple-unit stacked loads, and whether or not the strength of the containers is sufficient to withstand dynamic loads when stacked. 4.8 Any or all of these test methods may be employed, as determined by the appropriate performance specification, with test intensities, frequency ranges, and test durations as called for in the specification. Although these tests do not simulate the shipping environment, they are intended to create the damage-producing potential of the shipping environment. Results of any one of these methods may differ from the results of the others.