1.1 意图 — 本实践描述了在口语、听力、阅读和写作模式下开发和使用语言测试的最佳实践，以根据机构间语言圆桌会议（ILR）量表评估能力。该实践侧重于测试出于交际目的使用语言的能力。 1.2 局限性 — 本实践旨在解决以下专业领域的测试和测试开发:翻译、口译、音频翻译、转录、其他特定于工作的语言性能测试或诊断评估。 1.2.1根据本规程开发的测试不应用于解决上述任何排除的目的（例如，诊断）。 ====意义和用途====== 预期用途 : 本实践旨在为语言测试开发人员、测试提供者和语言测试用户社区提供有用、及时、可靠和可复制的语言能力测试，以用于一般通信目的。这种做法通过标准化这些过程，利用商业和现有的政府测试开发和交付能力，扩展了美国的测试能力。 这种做法旨在供合同官员、项目经理、主管、经理和指挥官使用。它也适用于测试开发人员、选择和评估测试的人员以及测试分数的用户。 此外，这种做法的目的是鼓励使用专家团队来协助合同官员、合同官员代表、测试开发人员和承包商/供应商满足正在解决的测试需求。鼓励本实践的用户专注于满足测试需求，不要将本实践解释为以任何方式限制创新。 遵守惯例 : 遵守本规程要求遵守本规程的所有章节。只有在本规程特定章节不适用于试验类型或预期用途的特定情况下，才允许例外情况。例外情况应记录在案并证明合理，以使客户满意。这种做法中的任何内容都不应被解释为与现行联邦和州法律相矛盾，也不允许偏离美国政府既定的测试政策。

1.1 Purpose — This practice describes best practices for the development and use of language tests in the modalities of speaking, listening, reading, and writing for assessing ability according to the Interagency Language Roundtable (ILR) scale. This practice focuses on testing language proficiency in use of language for communicative purposes. 1.2 Limitations — This practice is not intended to address testing and test development in the following specialized areas: Translation, Interpretation, Audio Translation, Transcription, other job-specific language performance tests, or Diagnostic Assessment. 1.2.1 Tests developed under this practice should not be used to address any of the above excluded purposes (for example, diagnostics). ====== Significance And Use ====== Intended Use : This practice is intended to serve the language test developer, test provider, and language test user communities in their ability to provide useful, timely, reliable, and reproducible tests of language proficiency for general communication purposes. This practice expands the testing capacity of the United States by leveraging commercial and existing government test development and delivery capability through standardization of these processes. This practice is intended to be used by contract officers, program managers, supervisors, managers, and commanders. It is also intended to be used by test developers, those who select and evaluate tests, and users of test scores. Furthermore, the intent of this practice is to encourage the use of expert teams to assist contracting officers, contracting officer representatives, test developers, and contractors/vendors in meeting the testing needs being addressed. Users of this practice are encouraged to focus on meeting testing needs and not to interpret this practice as limiting innovation in any way. Compliance with the Practice : Compliance with this practice requires adherence to all sections of this practice. Exceptions are allowed only in specific cases in which a particular section of this practice does not apply to the type or intended use of a test. Exceptions shall be documented and justified to the satisfaction of the customer. Nothing in this practice should be construed as contradicting existing federal and state laws nor allowing for deviation from established U.S. Government policies on testing.