1.1 本标准为D22委员会大气取样和分析工作组规划和开展候选方法的合作测试提供了指导。 1.2 它旨在与其他ASTM实践一起用于确定精度和偏差。 1.3 它适用于大多数手动和自动方法以及监控系统的大多数组件。人们认识到，监测系统的评估可能会带来特殊问题。实践 3249元 应考虑在这方面提供一般指导。 1.4 它直接适用于化学方法，原则上也适用于大多数物理方法、取样方法和校准程序。 1.5 所述过程用于测试方法的一般验证。用户有义务和责任验证其用于特定应用的任何方法，并证明其使用经验证方法的能力。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 5.1 本标准的目的是为D22委员会提供指南，以评估ASTM标准方法和实践在制定时的精度和偏差或两者。为了确保相关实验室的横截面能够使用书面方法进行试验并获得满意的结果，有必要进行此类评估。它还为用户提供指导，说明在这种使用中可以预期的精度和准确度水平。 5.2 该方法描述了试验方法被认为适用的介质。 协作测试在测试设计的限制范围内证实了上述结论。协作测试只能使用具有代表性的媒体，因此不能从结果中暗示普遍适用性。 5.3 协作测试的基本假设是，测试的介质、使用的浓度和参与的实验室具有代表性，并对书面测试方法的范围和适用性进行了公平评估。

1.1 This standard provides guidance to task groups of Committee D22 on Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres in planning and conducting collaborative testing of candidate methods. 1.2 It is intended for use with other ASTM practices for the determination of precision and bias. 1.3 It is applicable to most manual and automated methods and to most components of monitoring systems. It is recognized that the evaluation of monitoring systems may provide special problems. Practice D3249 should be considered for general guidance in this respect. 1.4 It is directly applicable to chemical methods and in principle to most physical methods, sampling methods, and calibration procedures. 1.5 The processes described are for the general validation of methods of test. A user has the obligation and responsibility to validate any method it uses for a specific application and to demonstrate its own competence in the use of validated methods. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The objective of this standard is to provide guidelines to Committee D22 for the evaluation of the precision and bias, or both, of ASTM standard methods and practices at the time of their development. Such an evaluation is necessary to assure that a cross section of interested laboratories could perform the test and achieve satisfactory results, using the method as written. It also provides guidance to the user as to what levels of precision and accuracy may be expected in such usage. 5.2 The write-up of the method describes the media for which the test method is believed to be appropriate. The collaborative test corroborates the write-up within the limitations of the test design. A collaborative test can only use representative media so that universal applicability cannot be implied from the results. 5.3 The fundamental assumption of the collaborative test is that the media tested, the concentrations used, and the participating laboratories are representative and provide a fair evaluation of the scope and applicability of the test method as written.