1.1 本试验方法包括测定薄片和薄膜（小于1.0 mm（0.04 in.）形式的塑料的拉伸性能厚度）。 注1: 电影是用术语定义的 D883 作为标称厚度不大于0.25 mm（0.010 in.）的薄板的可选术语。 注2: 塑料的拉伸性能1.0 mm（0.04 in.）厚度应根据试验方法确定 D638 . 1.2 该测试方法可用于测试所述厚度范围内的所有塑料以及所用机器的容量。 1.3 试样延伸可以通过夹点分离、延伸指示器或量规标记的位移来测量。 1.4 确定拉伸弹性模量的程序包括在一个应变率下。 注3: 模量的确定通常基于使用夹持分离作为延伸测量；然而，使用引伸计的可取性，如 6.2 ，并将此类仪器的使用规定纳入程序中。 1.5 通过本试验方法获得的试验数据相关且适用于工程设计。 1.6 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。括号中的值仅供参考。 1.7 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 注4: 该试验方法类似于ISO 527-3，但在技术上并不等同。ISO 527-3允许额外的试样配置，规定了不同的试验速度，并要求在试样上有伸长计或量规标记。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 通过本试验方法确定的拉伸性能对于材料的识别和表征具有重要价值，用于控制和规范目的。拉伸性能可能随试样厚度、制备方法、测试速度、使用的夹具类型和测量延伸的方式而变化。 因此，如果需要精确的比较结果，则必须仔细控制这些因素。除非特殊材料规范中另有说明，否则本试验方法应用于参考目的。对于许多材料，可能有一个规范要求使用该试验方法，但在遵守规范时，一些程序修改优先。因此，建议在使用本试验方法之前参考该材料规范。分类中的表1 D4000 列出了当前存在的ASTM材料标准。 5.2 拉伸性能可用于为研发和工程设计以及质量控制和规范提供数据。然而，对于与所采用试验的力-时间标度相差很大的应用而言，此类试验的数据并不重要。 5.3 拉伸弹性模量是塑料薄板刚度的指标。当对所有试验条件保持精确控制时，试验结果的再现性良好。当比较不同材料的刚度时，必须使用相同尺寸的试样。 5.4 断裂拉伸能（TEB）是指每单位体积试样到断裂点吸收的总能量。在一些文本中，该属性被称为 韧性 . 它用于评估受到严重滥用的材料，或在最终用途应用中发生机器故障时可能使web传输设备失速的材料。然而，应变率、试样参数，尤其是缺陷，可能会导致结果发生较大变化。从这个意义上讲，建议在将TEB测试结果用于最终用途设计应用时谨慎使用。 5.5 撕裂破坏的材料给出的异常数据无法与正常破坏的数据进行比较。

1.1 This test method covers the determination of tensile properties of plastics in the form of thin sheeting and films (less than 1.0 mm (0.04 in.) in thickness). Note 1: Film is defined in Terminology D883 as an optional term for sheeting having a nominal thickness no greater than 0.25 mm (0.010 in.). Note 2: Tensile properties of plastics 1.0 mm (0.04 in.) or greater in thickness shall be determined according to Test Method D638 . 1.2 This test method can be used to test all plastics within the thickness range described and the capacity of the machine employed. 1.3 Specimen extension can be measured by grip separation, extension indicators, or displacement of gage marks. 1.4 The procedure for determining the tensile modulus of elasticity is included at one strain rate. Note 3: The modulus determination is generally based on the use of grip separation as a measure of extension; however, the desirability of using extensometers, as described in 6.2 , is recognized and provision for the use of such instrumentation is incorporated in the procedure. 1.5 Test data obtained by this test method is relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are provided for information only. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 4: This test method is similar to ISO 527-3, but is not considered technically equivalent. ISO 527-3 allows for additional specimen configurations, specifies different test speeds, and requires an extensometer or gage marks on the specimen. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Tensile properties determined by this test method are of value for the identification and characterization of materials for control and specification purposes. Tensile properties can vary with specimen thickness, method of preparation, speed of testing, type of grips used, and manner of measuring extension. Consequently, where precise comparative results are desired, these factors must be carefully controlled. This test method shall be used for referee purposes, unless otherwise indicated in particular material specifications. For many materials, there can be a specification that requires the use of this test method, but with some procedural modifications that take precedence when adhering to the specification. Therefore, it is advisable to refer to that material specification before using this test method. Table 1 in Classification D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist. 5.2 Tensile properties can be utilized to provide data for research and development and engineering design as well as quality control and specification. However, data from such tests cannot be considered significant for applications differing widely from the force-time scale of the test employed. 5.3 The tensile modulus of elasticity is an index of the stiffness of thin plastic sheeting. The reproducibility of test results is good when precise control is maintained over all test conditions. When different materials are being compared for stiffness, specimens of identical dimensions must be employed. 5.4 The tensile energy to break (TEB) is the total energy absorbed per unit volume of the specimen up to the point of rupture. In some texts this property has been referred to as toughness . It is used to evaluate materials that are subjected to heavy abuse or that can stall web transport equipment in the event of a machine malfunction in end-use applications. However, the rate of strain, specimen parameters, and especially flaws can cause large variations in the results. In that sense, caution is advised in utilizing TEB test results for end-use design applications. 5.5 Materials that fail by tearing give anomalous data which cannot be compared with those from normal failure.