The atmosphere is a vector for a variety of materials that may impact source water
quality. These materials can be divided into two groups: man-made impacts and
naturally-occurring impacts. Man-made impacts can include chemicals released as a
result of industry and agriculture, radioactive fallout, and even the use of a variety of
warfare agents. Natural hazards can include pathogenic microbes, toxic metals, and
nutrients.
These airborne materials, regardless of their origin, may impact source waters
during short or long range atmospheric transport. Short range atmospheric inputs are
arbitrarily defined here as those traveling less than 10 kilometers from their source. Long
range atmospheric threats, are transported much further by winds, storm systems, or
aerosolized soil dust. This paper focuses on the authors' work on African desert dust, which is a
type of windblown contaminated soil that has long range effects. Includes 20 references.