1.1 本试验方法涵盖了一种发动机试验程序，用于评估汽车发动机机油的某些高温性能特征，包括机油增稠、清漆沉积、油耗以及发动机磨损。这些机油包括单粘度级和多粘度级机油，用于火花点火、汽油发动机以及柴油发动机。 1.1.1 此外，根据非强制性补充要求，可以进行IIIGA测试（微型旋转粘度计和冷起动模拟器测量）、IIIGVS测试（EOT粘度增加测量）或IIIGB测试（磷保留测量）。 这些补充试验程序包含在 附录X1 , 附录X2 和 附录X3 分别地 注1: SAE J304中讨论了用于根据规范要求评估发动机机油性能的配套试验方法。 1.2 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.2.1 例外情况- 如果没有直接的SI等效物，例如螺纹、国家管道螺纹/直径和管道尺寸。 1.3 本试验方法安排如下: 部分 介绍 范围 1. 参考文件 2. 术语 3. 试验方法总结 4. 意义和用途 5. 仪器 6. 实验室 6.1 图画 6.2 指定设备 6.3 测试发动机 6.4 发动机零件 6.4.1 发动机转速和负载控制 6.5 流体调节模块 6.6 发动机冷却系统 6.6.1 冲洗槽 6.7 冷却液混合箱 6.8 冷凝器冷却系统 6.9 发动机机油冷却系统 6.10 燃油系统 6.11 进气湿度、温度和压力 6.12 温度测量 6.13 热电偶位置 6.13.1 空燃比测定 6.14 喷油器流量测试 6.14.1 排气和排气背压系统 6.15 窜气流量测量 6.16 压力测量和压力传感器位置 6.17 试剂和材料 7. 试验燃料 7.1 发动机和冷凝器冷却液 7.2 冷却剂添加剂 7.3 冷却液准备 7.4 测试前清洁材料 7.5 密封和防卡化合物 7.6 测试油样要求 8. 仪器的准备 9 冷凝器清洁 9.1 进气歧管清洁 9.2 清洁发动机零件（缸体和缸盖除外） 9.3 连杆清洁 9.4 发动机缸体清洁 9.5 气缸盖清洁 9.6 发动机装配程序 9.7 一般信息 9.7.1 特殊零件 9.7.2 硬件信息 9.7.3 紧固件扭矩规格和扭矩程序 9.7.4 主轴承盖螺栓 9.7.4.1 气缸盖螺栓 9.7.4.2 其他螺栓、螺柱和螺母的扭矩 9.7.4.3 零件更换 9.8 发动机缸体准备 9.9 活塞装配和编号 9.10 活塞环接头 9.10.1 预测试凸轮轴和挺杆测量值 9.11 凸轮轴轴承安装 9.12 凸轮轴安装 9.13 主轴承 9.14 曲轴安装 9.14.1 主轴承盖安装 9.14.2 曲轴链轮 9.15 凸轮轴链轮和正时链条 9.16 曲轴端隙 9.17 活塞销安装 9.18 活塞安装 9.18.1 谐波平衡器 9.19 连杆轴承 9.20 发动机前盖 9.21 冷却液进口适配器 9.22 油尺孔 9.23 油底壳 9.24 气缸盖总成 9.25 气门弹簧负载的调整 9.26 气缸盖安装 9.27 液压气门挺杆 9.28 推杆 9.29 配气机构负载 9.30 进气歧管 9.31 摇臂盖 9.32 进水口适配器 9.33 冷凝器 9.34 冷却液出口适配器 9.35 外部油冷却系统 9.36 油样阀 9.37 点火系统 9.38 节气门 9.39 附件驱动装置 9.40 排气歧管，水冷 9.41 发动机飞轮 9.42 发动机冷却液系统的压力检查 9.43 组装发动机的起吊 9.44 将发动机安装在测试台上 9.45 外部冷却系统清洁 9.46 发动机冷却液水套清洁（冲洗） 9.47 冷却液加注 9.48 测试充油 9.49 发动机机油泵注油 9.50 标定 10 实验室和发动机试验台校准 10.1 标准油的测试 10.2 参考油测试频率 10.3 参考油测试结果的评估 10.4 非- 相对于参考油的参考油测试 机油测试 10.5 用于非标准试验的试验台状态 10.6 数据采集和控制 10.7 采样率 10.7.1 测量精度 10.7.2 温度 10.7.3 压力 10.7.4 流 10.7.5 速度 10.7.6 负载 10.7.7 测量分辨率 10.7.8 系统时间响应 10.7.9 质量指标 10.7.10 发动机操作程序 11 油尺和孔塞 11.1 油尺孔O形圈 11.2 发动机启动和关闭程序 11.3 启动 11.4 计划停机 11.5 非计划停机 11.6 油样 11.7 机油调平 11.8 空燃比测量和控制 11.9 空燃比验证 11.10 窜气流量测量 11.11 NOx测定 11.12 数据记录 11.13 初始运行（10分钟） 11.14 发动机机油质量测试（100小时） 11.15 测试终止 11.16 测试结果的确定 12 发动机拆解 12.2 准备零件以进行粘附、沉积、， 和堵塞 12.3 活塞沉积额定值 12.4 测试后凸轮轴和挺杆磨损测量 12.5 粘度测试 12.6 测试油样的磨损金属 12.7 窜气流量测量 12.8 油耗计算 12.9 测试零件的照片 12.10 代表性测试零件的保留 12.11 严重性调整 12.12 操作有效性的确定 12.13 汇报 13 报告表格 13.1 报告单位的精度 13.4 精度和偏差 14 关键词 15 ASTM测试监测中心:组织 附件A1 ASTM测试监测中心:校准程序 附件A2 ASTM测试监测中心: 维护活动 附件A3 ASTM测试监测中心:相关信息 附件A4 序列IIIG测试零件更换指南 附件A5 序列IIIG测定油底壳中发动机机油的体积 附录A6 序列IIIG测试燃料分析 附件A7 序列IIIG测试报告表和数据字典 附录A8 序列IIIG测试空燃比控制流程图 附录A9 序列IIIG测试设定值和控制状态 附件A10 序列IIIG质量指数上限和下限值 附录A11 序列IIIG发动机机油油位工作表 附录A12 窜气流量测定 附录A13 安全隐患 附录A14 序列IIIG蓝图列表 附录A15 流体状态模块部件 附录A16 引擎构建工作表 附录A17 发动机机油冷却系统示意图 附录A18 遵循先进先出标准的硬件指南 附录A19 序列IIIGA测试程序 附录X1 序列IIIGVIS测试程序 附录X2 序列IIIGB测试程序 附录X3 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 具体警告声明见 6.14.1.1 和 7.1 . 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本试验方法旨在评估汽车发动机机油在中等高速、高温条件下防止机油增厚和发动机磨损的性能。 5.2 本试验中获得的油粘度增加表明，由于氧化，油有变稠的趋势。在汽车服务中，这种增厚可能会导致油泵不足，并导致灾难性的发动机故障。 5.3 机油的沉积物额定值表示整个发动机中沉积物的形成趋势，包括可能导致活塞环卡在其凹槽中的沉积物。 这可能涉及发动机中压缩压力的损失。 5.4 本测试中获得的凸轮轴和挺杆磨损值提供了在高单位压力机械接触条件下机油抗磨质量的测量值。 5.5 开发该测试方法是为了与已知良好和较差的机油进行关联，以防机油变稠和发动机磨损。在本试验的开发过程中，还使用了使用无铅燃料产生不理想结果的特殊配方油。 5.6 序列IIIG发动机机油测试已取代序列IIIF测试，可用于发动机润滑油的规格和分类，例如: 5.6.1 规格 D4485 , 5.6.2 军用规范MIL-PRF-2104，以及 5.6.3 SAE J183分类。

1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperature performance characteristics, including oil thickening, varnish deposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oils include both single viscosity grade and multiviscosity grade oils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueled engines, as well as in diesel engines. 1.1.1 Additionally, with nonmandatory supplemental requirements, a IIIGA Test (Mini Rotary Viscometer and Cold Cranking Simulator measurements), a IIIGVS Test (EOT viscosity increase measurement), or a IIIGB Test (phosphorous retention measurement) can be conducted. These supplemental test procedures are contained in Appendix X1 , Appendix X2 , and Appendix X3 , respectively. Note 1: Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.2.1 Exception— Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing size. 1.3 This test method is arranged as follows: Section Introduction Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Test Methods 4 Significance and Use 5 Apparatus 6 Laboratory 6.1 Drawings 6.2 Specified Equipment 6.3 Test Engine 6.4 Engine Parts 6.4.1 Engine Speed and Load Control 6.5 Fluid Conditioning Module 6.6 Engine Cooling System 6.6.1 Flushing Tank 6.7 Coolant Mixing Tank 6.8 Condenser Cooling Systems 6.9 Engine Oil-Cooling System 6.10 Fuel System 6.11 Induction Air Supply Humidity, Temperature, and Pressure 6.12 Temperature Measurement 6.13 Thermocouple Location 6.13.1 Air-to-Fuel Ratio Determination 6.14 Injector Flow Testing 6.14.1 Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.15 Blowby Flow Rate Measurement 6.16 Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Location 6.17 Reagents and Materials 7 Test Fuel 7.1 Engine and Condenser Coolant 7.2 Coolant Additive 7.3 Coolant Preparation 7.4 Pre-Test Cleaning Materials 7.5 Sealing and Anti-seize Compounds 7.6 Test Oil Sample Requirements 8 Preparation of Apparatus 9 Condenser Cleaning 9.1 Intake Manifold Cleaning 9.2 Cleaning of Engine Parts (other than the block and heads) 9.3 Connecting Rod Cleaning 9.4 Engine Block Cleaning 9.5 Cylinder Head Cleaning 9.6 Engine Build-up Procedure 9.7 General Information 9.7.1 Special Parts 9.7.2 Hardware Information 9.7.3 Fastener Torque Specifications and Torquing Procedures 9.7.4 Main Bearing Cap Bolts 9.7.4.1 Cylinder Head Bolts 9.7.4.2 Torques for Miscellaneous Bolts, Studs, and Nuts 9.7.4.3 Parts Replacement 9.8 Engine Block Preparation 9.9 Piston Fitting and Numbering 9.10 Piston Ring Fitting 9.10.1 Pre-Test Camshaft and Lifter Measurements 9.11 Camshaft Bearing Installation 9.12 Camshaft Installation 9.13 Main Bearings 9.14 Crankshaft Installation 9.14.1 Main Bearing Cap Installation 9.14.2 Crankshaft Sprocket 9.15 Camshaft Sprocket, and Timing Chain 9.16 Crankshaft End Play 9.17 Piston Pin Installation 9.18 Piston Installation 9.18.1 Harmonic Balancer 9.19 Connecting Rod Bearings 9.20 Engine Front Cover 9.21 Coolant Inlet Adapter 9.22 Oil Dipstick Hole 9.23 Oil Pan 9.24 Cylinder Head Assembly 9.25 Adjustment of Valve Spring Loads 9.26 Cylinder Head Installation 9.27 Hydraulic Valve Lifters 9.28 Pushrods 9.29 Valve Train Loading 9.30 Intake Manifold 9.31 Rocker Covers 9.32 Water Inlet Adapter 9.33 Condenser 9.34 Coolant Outlet Adapter 9.35 External Oil Cooling System 9.36 Oil Sample Valve 9.37 Ignition System 9.38 Throttle Body 9.39 Accessory Drive Units 9.40 Exhaust Manifolds, Water-Cooled 9.41 Engine Flywheel 9.42 Pressure Checking of Engine Coolant System 9.43 Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.44 Mounting the Engine on the Test Stand 9.45 External Cooling System Cleaning 9.46 Engine Coolant Jacket Cleaning (Flushing) 9.47 Coolant Charging 9.48 Test Oil Charging 9.49 Engine Oil Pump Priming 9.50 Calibration 10 Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration 10.1 Testing of Reference Oils 10.2 Reference Oil Test Frequency 10.3 Evaluation of Reference Oil Test Results 10.4 Status of Non-Reference Oil Tests Relative to Reference Oil Test 10.5 Status of Test Stands Used for Non-Standard Tests 10.6 Data Acquisition and Control 10.7 Sample Rate 10.7.1 Measurement Accuracy 10.7.2 Temperature 10.7.3 Pressure 10.7.4 Flow 10.7.5 Speed 10.7.6 Load 10.7.7 Measurement Resolution 10.7.8 System Time Response 10.7.9 Quality Index 10.7.10 Engine Operating Procedure 11 Dipstick and Hole Plug 11.1 Dipstick Hole O-ring 11.2 Engine Start-up and Shutdown Procedures 11.3 Start-up 11.4 Scheduled Shutdown 11.5 Non-Scheduled Shutdowns 11.6 Oil Sampling 11.7 Oil Leveling 11.8 Air-to-Fuel-Ratio Measurement and Control 11.9 Air-to-Fuel Ratio Verification 11.10 Blowby Flow Rate Measurement 11.11 NOx Determinations 11.12 Data Recording 11.13 Initial run (10 min) 11.14 Engine Oil Quality Testing (100 h) 11.15 Test Termination 11.16 Determination of Test Results 12 Engine Disassembly 12.2 Preparation of Parts for Rating of Sticking, Deposits, and Plugging 12.3 Piston Deposit Rating 12.4 Post-Test Camshaft and Lifter Wear Measurements 12.5 Viscosity Test 12.6 Testing Oil Samples for Wear Metals 12.7 Blowby Flow Rate Measurements 12.8 Oil Consumption Computation 12.9 Photographs of Test Parts 12.10 Retention of Representative Test Parts 12.11 Severity Adjustments 12.12 Determination of Operational Validity 12.13 Report 13 Report Forms 13.1 Precision of Reported Units 13.4 Precision and Bias 14 Keywords 15 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Organization Annex A1 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Calibration Procedures Annex A2 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activities Annex A3 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information Annex A4 Sequence IIIG Test Parts Replacement Guidelines Annex A5 Sequence IIIG Determination Volume of Engine Oil in Pan Annex A6 Sequence IIIG Test Fuel Analysis Annex A7 Sequence IIIG Test Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A8 Sequence IIIG Test Air-to-Fuel Ratio Control Flow Chart Annex A9 Sequence IIIG Test Set Points and Control States Annex A10 Sequence IIIG Quality Index Upper and Lower Values Annex A11 Sequence IIIG Engine Oil Level Worksheet Annex A12 Blowby Flow Rate Determination Annex A13 Safety Hazards Annex A14 Sequence IIIG Blueprint Listing Annex A15 Fluid Condition Module Components Annex A16 Engine Build Worksheets Annex A17 Engine Oil Cooling System Schematic Annex A18 Guidelines For Hardware Subject To First-In/First-Out Criteria Annex A19 Sequence IIIGA Test Procedure Appendix X1 Sequence IIIGVIS Test Procedure Appendix X2 Sequence IIIGB Test Procedure Appendix X3 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are provided in 6.14.1.1 and 7.1 . 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate automotive engine oils for protection against oil thickening and engine wear during moderately high-speed, high-temperature service. 5.2 The increase in oil viscosity obtained in this test indicates the tendency of an oil to thicken because of oxidation. In automotive service, such thickening can cause oil pump starvation and resultant catastrophic engine failures. 5.3 The deposit ratings for an oil indicate the tendency for the formation of deposits throughout the engine, including those that can cause sticking of the piston rings in their grooves. This can be involved in the loss of compression pressures in the engine. 5.4 The camshaft and lifter wear values obtained in this test provide a measure of the anti-wear quality of an oil under conditions of high unit pressure mechanical contact. 5.5 The test method was developed to correlate with oils of known good and poor protection against oil thickening and engine wear. Specially formulated oils that produce less than desirable results with unleaded fuels were also used during the development of this test. 5.6 The Sequence IIIG engine oil test has replaced the Sequence IIIF test and can be used in specifications and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the following: 5.6.1 Specification D4485 , 5.6.2 Military Specification MIL-PRF-2104, and 5.6.3 SAE Classification J183.