1.1 本试验方法包括测量水的β粒子活性。对于大多数计数系统，它适用于最大能量超过0.1 MeV且放射性均匀水活度水平高于0.02 Bq/mL（540 pCi/L）的β发射器。本试验方法不适用于含有在分析条件下易挥发的放射性核素的样品。 1.2 该试验方法可用于绝对或相对测定。在示踪工作中，可以通过与定义为100的标准进行比较来表示结果 %. 对于放射性测定，如果已知相关的放射性核素并且在处理过程中没有发生分馏，则可以用已知的放射性核素标准表示数据，或者可以用其他一些标准任意表示，例如 137 反恐精英。有关放射性和辐射测量的一般信息可在文献中找到 2. , 3. , 4. , 5. 和实践 D3648 . 1.3 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本试验方法用于测量水中总β放射性。它用于分析工艺用水和环境用水，以确定总β活性。

1.1 This test method covers the measurement of beta particle activity of water. It is applicable to beta emitters having maximum energies above 0.1 MeV and at activity levels above 0.02 Bq/mL (540 pCi/L) of radioactive homogeneous water for most counting systems. This test method is not applicable to samples containing radionuclides that are volatile under conditions of the analysis. 1.2 This test method can be used for either absolute or relative determinations. In tracer work, the results may be expressed by comparison with a standard which is defined to be 100 %. For radioassay, data may be expressed in terms of a known radionuclide standard if the radionuclides of concern are known and no fractionation occurred during processing, or may be expressed arbitrarily in terms of some other standard such as 137 Cs. General information on radioactivity and measurement of radiation may be found in the literature 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 and Practices D3648 . 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method was developed for the purpose of measuring the gross beta radioactivity in water. It is used for the analysis of both process and environmental water to determine gross beta activity.