1.1 这些实践涵盖了使用电气方法定位水或土材料覆盖的土工膜中泄漏的标准程序。为清楚起见，本规程使用术语“泄漏”表示已安装土工膜（定义见 3.2.5 ). 1.2 这些实践旨在确保泄漏位置测量具有经证明的泄漏检测能力。为了实现进一步的创新，并且由于各种泄漏位置从业人员使用各种程序和设备来执行这些调查，因此使用了基于性能的操作，以指定设备和程序的最低泄漏检测性能。 1.3 这些实践要求证明所使用的泄漏定位设备、程序和测量参数能够产生既定的最小泄漏检测距离。 然后，应使用演示的设备、程序和测量参数进行测量。 1.4 为覆盖水的土工膜和覆盖土料的土工膜的泄漏位置测量提供了单独的程序。给出了使用实际泄漏和人工泄漏进行泄漏检测距离测试的单独程序。 1.5 土壤覆盖调查的数据分析方法示例见 附录X1 . 1.6 泄漏位置测量可用于安装在水池、池塘、储罐、矿石和废物垫、填埋单元、填埋盖和其他围堵设施中的土工膜。本程序适用于由聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、氯磺化聚乙烯、沥青材料和其他电气材料制成的土工膜- 绝缘材料。 1.7 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.8 ( 警告- 用于土工膜泄漏定位的电气方法可能使用高电压，导致触电或触电的可能性。由于可能在水中或附近进行作业，这种危险可能会增加。特别是，水或接地材料与接地或任何接地导体之间可能存在高压。这些程序可能非常危险，并可能导致人身伤害或死亡。用于土工膜泄漏位置的电气方法只能由合格且经验丰富的人员尝试。必须采取适当的安全措施，保护泄漏位置的操作员以及现场的其他人员。 ) 1.9 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 土工膜用作不透水屏障，以防止液体从垃圾填埋场、池塘和其他容器中泄漏。这些液体可能含有污染物，如果释放，可能会对环境造成损害。泄漏的液体会侵蚀路基，造成进一步损坏。泄漏可能导致产品损失或以其他方式阻止装置实现其预期的密封目的。由于这些原因，土工膜的渗漏量应尽可能小。 4.2 路基质量差、铺设在土工膜上的材料质量差、事故、工艺差、制造缺陷和粗心都可能导致土工膜泄漏。 4.3 仅被水覆盖的土工膜泄漏的最重要原因与施工活动有关，包括放置在土工膜上的泵和设备、意外刺穿，以及在土工膜或路基上的岩石或碎片上行驶引起的刺穿。 4.4 土工材料覆盖的土工膜泄漏的最重要原因是机械在将土工材料放置在土工膜上时造成的施工损坏。这种损坏还可能破坏衬砌系统的附加层，如土工合成粘土衬砌。 4.5 电气泄漏定位方法是检测和定位泄漏的有效最终质量保证措施。

1.1 These practices cover standard procedures for using electrical methods to locate leaks in geomembranes covered with water or earthen materials. For clarity, this practice uses the term “leak” to mean holes, punctures, tears, knife cuts, seam defects, cracks, and similar breaches in an installed geomembrane (as defined in 3.2.5 ). 1.2 These practices are intended to ensure that leak location surveys are performed with demonstrated leak detection capability. To allow further innovations, and because various leak location practitioners use a wide variety of procedures and equipment to perform these surveys, performance-based operations are used that specify the minimum leak detection performance for the equipment and procedures. 1.3 These practices require that the leak location equipment, procedures, and survey parameters used are demonstrated to result in an established minimum leak detection distance. The survey shall then be conducted using the demonstrated equipment, procedures, and survey parameters. 1.4 Separate procedures are given for leak location surveys for geomembranes covered with water and for geomembranes covered with earthen materials. Separate procedures are given for leak detection distance tests using actual and artificial leaks. 1.5 Examples of methods of data analysis for soil-covered surveys are provided as guidance in Appendix X1 . 1.6 Leak location surveys can be used on geomembranes installed in basins, ponds, tanks, ore and waste pads, landfill cells, landfill caps, and other containment facilities. The procedures are applicable for geomembranes made of materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, bituminous material, and other electrically-insulating materials. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.8 ( Warning— The electrical methods used for geomembrane leak location could use high voltages, resulting in the potential for electrical shock or electrocution. This hazard might be increased because operations might be conducted in or near water. In particular, a high voltage could exist between the water or earthen material and earth ground, or any grounded conductor. These procedures are potentially VERY DANGEROUS, and can result in personal injury or death. The electrical methods used for geomembrane leak location should be attempted only by qualified and experienced personnel. Appropriate safety measures must be taken to protect the leak location operators as well as other people at the site.) 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Geomembranes are used as impermeable barriers to prevent liquids from leaking from landfills, ponds, and other containments. The liquids may contain contaminants that, if released, can cause damage to the environment. Leaking liquids can erode the subgrade, causing further damage. Leakage can result in product loss or otherwise prevent the installation from performing its intended containment purpose. For these reasons, it is desirable that the geomembrane have as little leakage as practical. 4.2 Geomembrane leaks can be caused by poor quality of the subgrade, poor quality of the material placed on the geomembrane, accidents, poor workmanship, manufacturing defects, and carelessness. 4.3 The most significant causes of leaks in geomembranes that are covered with only water are related to construction activities including pumps and equipment placed on the geomembrane, accidental punctures, and punctures caused by traffic over rocks or debris on the geomembrane or in the subgrade. 4.4 The most significant cause of leaks in geomembranes covered with earthen materials is construction damage caused by machinery that occurs while placing the earthen material on the geomembrane. Such damage also can breach additional layers of the lining system such as geosynthetic clay liners. 4.5 Electrical leak location methods are an effective final quality assurance measure to detect and locate leaks.