1.1 本规程提供了一个确定的程序，用于设置用户对建筑物或建筑物相关设施的功能能力的要求（功能）水平。 1.2 本规程提供了一个确定的程序，用于对现有建筑物或建筑物相关设施提供的功能能力（可用性）水平进行评级，或根据其设计提供的功能能力（可用性）水平进行评级。 1.3 本规程提供了一个确定的程序，用于创建或调整一组分类，以确定建筑物所需的功能级别或所提供的能力级别- 相关设施。 1.4 该实践可用于设置现有建筑物或建筑物相关设施中居住群体的需求概况，或计划搬家并寻找新住所以出租、购买或建造的群体的需求概况，并可用于评估其现有设施的适用性。 1.5 这种做法可用于设置所有者、贷款管理人、贷款人或其他投资者的需求概况。 1.6 这种做法没有具体说明什么会导致建筑物被定为给定水平。该信息可在包含一组评级量表的特定可用性主题的分类中找到。 1.7 本规程不用于监管目的。 1.8 本规程在所示章节中包含以下信息: 部分 介绍 1. 范围 1. 参考文件 2. 术语 3. 意义和用途 4. 方法的本质 5. 设置所需功能配置文件的程序 6. 设置建筑物或建筑物相关设施功能能力剖面的程序 7. 评估新建筑或改建或修复项目的计划或提案 8. 关键词 9 秤中设置水平的规则 附件A1 天平示例 附录X1 设置功能需求概要的步骤 附录X2 设置设施评级配置文件的步骤 附录X3 条形图配置文件示例 附录X4 方面、主题和功能的标题示例 附录X5 常见功能类型列表 附录X6 1.9 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.10 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 只要为每种类型建立了一套适当的需求分类，该实践可应用于许多功能性乘员群体的设施适用性要求。 4.2 该实践可用于评估建筑物或建筑物相关设施的设施适用性。 4.3 这种做法可用于确定集团或组织在成立时的要求( 1. )需要确定其占用的设施的可用性；( 2. )正在考虑搬迁，在决定租赁、租赁或购买之前，需要评估几个现有设施的相对能力，以按要求执行； ( 3. )需要将其要求与正在规划或已设计但尚未建造的设施的可用性进行比较；( 4. )正在计划对其占用的空间进行改造或修复，并需要建立改造或修复设施必须满足的所需可用性水平。 4.4 这种做法不受可维护性要求的复杂性影响。 4.5 任何对建筑有足够组织、功能和技术知识的人都可以使用这种做法，作为知情的促进者。负责领导建立居住群体或组织功能需求过程的个人需要基本的引导和面试技能。 负责评估建筑物可用性的人员需要对建筑物有足够的了解，以识别存在的特征。 4.6 本实践提供了一种为任何可用性主题设置典型所需可用性水平的方法，并将一个乘员组或组织的所需功能水平与其他人设置的水平进行比较。 4.7 该实践为组织提供了一种方法，用于为该组织内的每种类型的乘员组设置功能需求概要。 4.7.1 该实践为组织提供了一种快速识别和验证其居住者特殊需求的方法。 4.7.2 该实践提供了一种比较组织内不同居住群体需求水平的方法。 4.8 该实践提供了一种方法，用于比较居住者的功能需求与不同建筑物或设施的功能匹配程度，尽管存在位置、结构、机械系统、年龄和建筑形状等差异。 4.9 该实践提供了一个框架，允许设计专业人员和设施管理人员选择最具成本效益的方式来提供设施，以最好地提供所需的可用性水平。 4.10 该实践有助于居住者了解各种功能需求如何相互作用并影响建筑物的整体可用性- 相关设施及其对每个主题的可用性水平。 4.11 通过提供设施特征与其在任何主题上的可用性水平之间的直接联系，每个级别的描述阐明了设施中使用的各种子系统和材料如何相互作用以提供该可用性水平。 4.12 潜在应用示例: 4.12.1 项目可行性- 当旧建筑的业主考虑将其改建为公寓，或需要对其进行修复以满足当前市场需求时。 4.12.2 租赁前选择选项- 公司房地产和设施经理在选择租赁之前比较了几处办公设施的评级。 4.12.3 比较设计选项的可用性- 建筑师对各种设计进行评分，以选择在固定施工预算内实现设计目标的最有效方式。 4.12.4 市场营销- 业主对建筑物的几种潜在用途进行评级，以确定目标市场，这些目标市场将发现建筑物在其当前状态下或改建为其他用途时最具可用性。 4.12.5 现有或拟议用途的适用性- 潜在买家评估设施是否适合多租户办公。 4.12.6 降低成本- 业主对各种设计方案进行评分，以选择实现目标可用性的最具成本效益的方法。 4.12.7 财务分析- 业主或潜在买家评估拟议改建和从仓库转换为高技术制造大楼的可能效益。 4.12.8 节能节水- 业主或潜在买方比较设施的能源或水消耗的可能相对水平，或减少能源和水消耗或改善室内空气质量的选项的可能成本效益。 4.13 本规程不适用于监管目的、火灾危险评估或火灾风险评估。

1.1 This practice provides a definitive procedure for setting the level of requirements of the users (functionality) for the functional capability of a building or building-related facility. 1.2 This practice provides a definitive procedure for rating the level of functional capability (serviceability) provided by an existing building or building-related facility, or to be provided according to the design for one. 1.3 This practice provides a definitive procedure for creating or adapting a set of classifications for establishing the levels of functionality required of or the level of capability provided by a building or building-related facility. 1.4 This practice can be used for setting the profile of requirements of an occupant group in an existing building or building-related facility, or of a group planning to move and looking at new accommodations to rent, buy, or build, and it can be used to assess the suitability of their present facilities. 1.5 This practice can be used for setting the profile of requirements of an owner, facility manager, lender, or other investor. 1.6 This practice does not specify what would cause a building to be rated at a given level. That information is found in classifications for specific topics of serviceability that contain a set of rating scales. 1.7 This practice is not intended to be used for regulatory purposes. 1.8 This practice contains the following information, in the sections indicated: Section Introduction 1 Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Significance and Use 4 Essence of the Approach 5 Procedure for Setting the Profile of Required Functionality 6 Procedure for Setting the Profile of Functional Capability for a Building or for Building-Related Facilities 7 Rating the Plans or Proposals for a New Building or for a Remodel or Rehabilitation Project 8 Keywords 9 Rules for Setting Levels in a Scale Annex A1 Examples of Scales Appendix X1 Steps for Setting the Functional Requirement Profile Appendix X2 Steps for Setting the Facility Rating Profile Appendix X3 Examples of Bar-Chart Profiles Appendix X4 Example of Titles of Aspects, Topics and Features Appendix X5 List of Common Types of Function Appendix X6 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 This practice can be applied to the requirements for facility serviceability of many functional occupant groups, provided that an appropriate set of requirement classifications for each type has been established. 4.2 This practice can be applied to rating the facility serviceability of a building or building-related facility. 4.3 This practice can be used to ascertain the requirements of a group or organization at the time when the group ( 1 ) needs to ascertain the serviceability of the facility it occupies; ( 2 ) is contemplating a move and needs to assess the relative capability of several existing facilities to perform as required, before deciding to rent, lease, or buy; ( 3 ) needs to compare its requirements to the serviceability of a facility that is being planned, or is designed but is not yet built; ( 4 ) is planning to remodel or rehabilitate the space it occupies and needs to establish the required level of serviceability that the remodeled or rehabilitated facility will have to meet. 4.4 This practice is not affected by the complexity of the requirement for serviceability. 4.5 This practice can be used by any individual with sufficient organizational, functional, and technical knowledge of buildings to act as an informed facilitator. The individual charged with the task of leading the process of establishing the functional requirements of an occupant group or organization needs basic facilitation and interviewing skills. The individual charged with rating the serviceability of a building needs sufficient knowledge of buildings to identify the features that are present. 4.6 This practice provides a means of setting typical required serviceability levels for any serviceability topic, and of comparing the required levels of functionality for one occupant group or organization against levels set by others. 4.7 This practice provides a means for organizations to set a profile of functional requirements for each type of occupant group within that organization. 4.7.1 This practice provides a means for organizations to identify and validate exceptional needs of their occupants rapidly. 4.7.2 This practice provides a means of comparing the requirement levels of various occupant groups within an organization. 4.8 This practice provides a method for comparing how well an occupant's functional requirements match the capabilities of different buildings or facilities, despite differences such as location, structure, mechanical systems, age, and building shape. 4.9 This practice provides a framework that allows design professionals and facility managers to select the most cost-effective means of providing a facility that will best provide the required levels of serviceability. 4.10 This practice helps the occupants to understand how various functional requirements interact and impact on the overall serviceability of a building or building-related facility and on its level of serviceability for each topic. 4.11 By providing a direct link between the features of a facility and its level of serviceability on any topic, the descriptions of each level clarify how various subsystems and materials used in a facility interact to provide that level of serviceability. 4.12 Examples of Potential Applications: 4.12.1 Project Feasibility— When the owner of an older building considers remodeling it into apartments, or needs to rehabilitate it to bring it up to current market demand. 4.12.2 Select Option Before Leasing— A corporate real estate and facility manager compares ratings of several office facilities before selecting which to lease. 4.12.3 Compare Serviceability of Design Options— An architect rates various designs to select the most effective way of achieving design objectives within a fixed construction budget. 4.12.4 Marketing— An owner rates a building for several potential uses to identify target markets that would find the building most serviceable in its present condition, or when remodeled for another use. 4.12.5 Suitability of Existing or Proposed Use— A potential buyer assesses the suitability of a facility for multi-tenant office use. 4.12.6 Cost Reduction— The owner rates various design options to select the most cost-effective means for achieving a target serviceability profile. 4.12.7 Financial Analysis— The owner or potential buyer assesses likely benefits of a proposed remodel and conversion from a warehouse to a highly technical manufacturing building. 4.12.8 Energy and Water Conservation— The owner or potential buyer compares the likely relative levels of energy or water consumption of a facility, or the likely cost-effectiveness of options to reduce energy and water consumption, or improve indoor air quality. 4.13 This practice is not intended for, and is not suitable for, use for regulatory purposes, nor for fire hazard assessment, nor for fire risk assessment.