1.1 本规程描述了在开放式和封闭式输送系统上对废物进行取样的标准程序，适用于可输送至废物堆或容器的任何废物材料。输送机系统可以是垂直型（垂直升降机）、倾斜型或水平型。 1.2 本规程适用于颗粒和泥浆，可使用勺式、铲斗式或铲式采样器对其进行采样。 1.3 这种做法不适用于大尺寸样本成分，如巨石、大岩石和碎屑。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ===意义和用途====== 4.1 这种做法可用于对窑或焚烧炉的灰烬、土壤和输送系统（如输送机和垂直升降机）的处理废物进行采样。一些浆料，如底部固体，可以从窑尾的淬火水中取样。 4.2 该实践可用于确定燃烧器效率研究和合规性研究的材料平衡。 4.3 这种做法可用于升降机、倾斜输送机和水平输送机系统。输送机的类型以及所需样本的数量和类型将决定获取代表性样本所需的采样设备的类型。 4.4 根据样品要求，在将样品倒入废物容器或堆中进行处理或回收之前，直接从输送机上取下样品（见实践 D5633 )。然后将样品放入样品容器中进行分析。 4.5 采样的地点、数量、频率和时间取决于输送系统设备、数据质量目标（DQO）（实践 D5792 )，工作或抽样计划（见实践 D5283 和指南 D4687 )，以及要运行的分析。 4.5.1 在皮带系统上可以机械地排除大颗粒。大颗粒可能积聚在倾斜/倾斜带系统的底部。因此，如果可能的话，需要采取步骤，使所有大小的粒子都有相等的机会被采样。 4.5.2 样本数量和样本时间取决于系统、所需精度、要做出的决定、成本和材料的异质性程度（见指南 D5956 和 D6311 )。 4.5.3 通常，理想的采样位置离生成点最近，因为温度、氧化和空气运动可能会随着时间的推移而改变一些样本。 4.6 该做法没有解决与样本异质性相关的问题。

1.1 This practice describes standard procedures for sampling waste on open and closed conveying systems and is applicable to any waste material that can be conveyed to a waste pile or container. The conveyor system can be a vertical (vertical lifts), sloped, or horizontal type. 1.2 This practice is intended for particles and slurries, which can be sampled using scoop, dipper, or shovel type samplers. 1.3 The practice is not intended for large size sample constituents, such as boulders, large rocks, and debris. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 This practice can be used in sampling ash from a kiln or incinerator, soils, and process waste from conveying systems, such as a conveyer and vertical lifts. Some slurries, such as the bottom solids, can be sampled from the quench waters at the end of a kiln. 4.2 This practice can be used to determine material balances for burner efficiency studies and compliance studies. 4.3 This practice can be used on lifts, sloping, and horizontal conveyor systems. The type of conveyor and the amount and type of sample required will dictate the type of sampling equipment required to get a representative sample. 4.4 The sample is taken directly from the conveyor before emptying into the waste container or pile for disposal or recycling using a scoop, dipper, or shovel depending upon the sample requirements (see Practice D5633 ). The sample is then put into the sample container for analysis. 4.5 The place, quantity, frequency, and time of sampling is dependent upon the conveying system equipment, data quality objectives (DQOs) (Practice D5792 ), work or sampling plan (see Practice D5283 and Guide D4687 ), and analysis to be run. 4.5.1 Large particles can be mechanically excluded on a belt system. Large particles may accumulate at the bottom of an inclined/sloped belt system. Therefore, steps, if possible, need to be taken so that particles of all sizes have equal chances of being sampled. 4.5.2 The number of samples and sample time is dependent upon the system, the precision required, the decisions that are to be made, the cost, and the degree of heterogeneity of the material (see Guides D5956 and D6311 ). 4.5.3 In general, the ideal sampling location is nearest to the point of generation since temperature, oxidation, and air movement may change some samples with time. 4.6 The practice does not address issues related to the heterogeneity of the sample.