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Watershed Protection for an Unfiltered Water System 未过滤水系统的流域保护
发布日期: 2002-11-01
华盛顿州塔科马市有20万人口。它位于城市的南端 华盛顿州的普吉特湾。塔科马有一个未经过滤的水系统 服务超过30万人。未过滤水系统的流域保护需要 对流域的控制比过滤水通常需要的控制大得多 系统。这种控制的范围可以是对该区域内的土地拥有完全所有权 与土地所有者达成协议,限制土地上的活动和使用权 那些土地。维持控制需要与多个机构协调 包括地方政府、州卫生、生态、鱼类和野生动物,以及联邦政府 包括美国环境保护局(USEPA)、陆军工程兵团和国家海洋渔业局在内的机构 服务地方执法部门在维持流域控制方面也发挥着重要作用。 其他实体因其独特的原因拥有进入该流域的特殊权利 组织。Muckleshoot印第安部落与美国有条约权利 政府和伯灵顿北部圣菲铁路也拥有特殊权利 通过联邦法律。塔科马水务公司已经为其居民制定了栖息地保护计划 土地,包括流域内的所有野生动物和塔科马土地上的伐木。这个 地表水处理规则允许塔科马水处理未经过滤的水 系统尽管难以满足,但这些要求确保了流域控制和 有效处理饮用水。
Tacoma, Washington has a population of 200,000. It is located at the southern end of Puget Sound in Washington State. Tacoma operates an unfiltered water system, which serves over 300,000 people. Watershed protection for an unfiltered water system requires much greater control of the watershed than is typically required for filtered water systems. This control can range from having complete ownership of the land within the watershed to having agreements with the landowners to restrict activities on and access to those lands. Maintaining control requires coordination with a number of agencies including local government, state health, ecology and fish and wildlife, and federal agencies including the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the Army Corps of Engineers and the National Marine Fisheries Service. Local law enforcement also plays a strong role in maintaining watershed control. Other entities have special rights to access the watershed for reasons unique to their organizations. The Muckleshoot Indian Tribe has treaty rights with the United States government and the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railroad also has special rights through federal law. Tacoma Water has developed a Habitat Conservation Plan for its lands, which covers all wildlife in the watershed and logging on Tacoma's lands. The Surface Water Treatment Rule allows Tacoma Water to operate an unfiltered water system. Though difficult to satisfy, these requirements assure watershed control and effective treatment of the drinking water.
分类信息
发布单位或类别: 美国-美国给水工程协会
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