公共供水设施制定服务费率以实现 有几个目标。三个常见的利率制定目标是: 稳定性，或可靠产生收入的能力； 权益，或费率反映客户购买成本的程度 服务以及自然资源的保护或有效利用 资源。在许多情况下，试图改善环境的公用事业公司 其利率的公平性和/或保守性有风险 收入波动加剧。这一困境的部分答案 可能是每月固定的价格，以反映个别客户的需求 使用模式。通过采用服务成本固定费率 每个客户，而不是各类客户， 公用事业公司可以实现更大的客户权益，享受稳定的 收入基础，并发送更准确的价格信号，以促进 保护 包括10个参考文献、表格和图表。

Public water utilities formulate service rates to accomplish several goals. Three common rate-making goals are: stability, or the ability to generate revenue reliably; equity, or the degree to which rates reflect customers' cost of service; and, conservation, or the efficient use of natural resources. In many cases, utilities that have tried to improve the equity and/or conservation qualities of their rates have risked increased revenue volatility. Part of the answer to this dilemma might be fixed monthly rates tailored to reflect individual customers' usage patterns. By adopting cost-of-service fixed rates for each individual customer, rather than classes of customers, utilities can achieve greater customer equity, enjoy a stable revenue base, and send more accurate price signals to promote conservation. Includes 10 references, tables, figures.