1998年，美国国家研究委员会发布了一份报告，评估了使用经过高度处理的再生水增加饮用水供应的可行性。该报告得出结论，再生水的间接饮用水再利用（即在处理前使用再生水增加饮用水源）是可行的，而直接饮用水再利用（即将再生水直接引入配水系统）是不可行的。尽管最近的健康相关研究没有发现任何不良影响，但此类健康数据非常稀少，而且此类研究的方法也很有限。因此，结果不能推断为一般的饮用水再利用。因此，每一个间接饮用水再利用项目都应该在一个彻底的项目完成后才能实施- 对健康问题和缓解措施的具体评估。最后，只有在其他努力——节水、开发新水源和不可饮用的再利用——无法经济高效地满足社区需求的社区，才应该考虑饮用水再利用。这篇文章描述了委员会关于确保水系统安全的建议，该系统使用再生水来增加原水来源。包括17个参考文献、表格、图表。

The National Research Council released a report in 1998 that evaluated the feasibility of augmenting drinking water supplies with highly treated reclaimed water. The report concluded that indirect potable reuse of reclaimed water (i.e., using reclaimed water to augment a potable water source before treatment) is viable and that direct potable reuse (i.e., introducing reclaimed water directly into a water distribution system) is not viable. Although recent health-related research has uncovered no adverse effects, such health data are sparse, and the methods for such research are limited. Consequently, the results cannot be extrapolated to potable reuse in general. Thus, each indirect potable reuse project should be implemented only after a thorough, project-specific assessment of health concerns and measures to mitigate them. Finally, potable reuse should only be considered in communities in which other efforts--water conservation, development of new water sources, and nonpotable reuse--cannot cost-effectively meet the communities' needs. This article describes the council's recommendations for ensuring the safety of water systems that augment raw water sources with reclaimed water. Includes 17 references, table, figure.