膜过滤工艺，即微滤和超滤，是目前与传统技术竞争的主流过滤工艺。水供应商之所以选择膜，是因为它们的低成本趋势和对各种水源水的优越处理性能。许多新的大容量城市项目正在北美建设，甚至更多的项目正在计划中。水务决策者需要有意义且准确的施工和运行维护（O&M）成本数据，以确定膜技术的可行性。本成本研究包括过去五年在美国和加拿大建造的几个初始容量大于0.3 mgd的膜过滤设施。 包括的植物处理未经处理的地表水和地下水，具有不同的水质特征。在所有工厂中，膜过滤是用于去除浊度和病原体的主要处理工艺。大多数工厂通常使用直接过滤，每平方英尺膜表面积（gpd/sf）的设计流量约为45至55加仑/天。包括工厂的名称和位置。膜设备包括以下部分或全部组件，具体取决于膜制造商:膜组件；就地清洁（CIP）设备；给水泵或渗透泵；反冲洗泵；鼓风机；设备和控制仪表；而且，水槽与清洗和反洗有关。虽然膜组件的成本与系统的设计容量和通量成正比，但其他组件的成本具有显著的规模经济性。 包括参考、表格、数字。

Membrane filtration processes, microfiltration and ultrafiltration, are nowmainstream filtration processes competing with conventional technologies. Waterproviders are selecting membranes because of their lower cost trends and superiortreatment performance of a wide variety of source waters. Many new large capacitymunicipal projects are now under construction in North America, and even more arebeing planned. Water utility decision makers require meaningful and accurateconstruction and operation and maintenance (O&M) cost data to determine thefeasibility of membrane technologies. Several membrane filtration facilitiesconstructed over the past five years in the United States and Canada and thathave initial capacities greater than 0.3 mgd are included in this cost study. Theincluded plants treat both raw surface and groundwater supplies with varyingwater quality characteristics. In all of the plants, membrane filtration is theprimary treatment process used for turbidity and pathogen removal. Most of theplants typically use direct filtration and have a design flux of approximately 45to 55 gallons per day per square foot of membrane surface area (gpd/sf). Thenames and locations of the plants are included. Membrane equipment include someor all of the following components depending on the membrane manufacturer:membrane modules; clean-in-place (CIP) equipment; feed or permeate pumps;backwash pumps; blowers; instrumentation and control equipment; and, tanksassociated with cleaning and backwashing. While the cost of the membrane modulesis proportional to the design capacity and flux of the system, the cost of theother components has a significant economy of scale. Includes reference, table, figures.