自2000年以来，饮用水中颗粒铅的出现值得进一步研究 人体暴露模型、采样方案、分析方法和环境 评估基于饮用水中可溶性铅的假定优势。 最近的儿童饮用水铅中毒病例与焊料有关 作者认为，颗粒物会进入并污染水源 其他地方也可能发生类似病例，但由于 有缺陷的协议。 具体而言，经批准的样品处理程序可能会“遗漏” 样品中存在的颗粒铅，导致实际 饮用水中的铅含量比使用经批准的方法量化的含量高5倍 协议。氯化物的存在、更高的温度和更低的pH值 当摄入时，胃使这种颗粒铅的很大一部分可生物利用。 在一些罕见的情况下，这可能会导致消费者暴露在高水平的 饮用水中的铅基本上未被发现。 包括18个参考文献、表格、图表。

The occurrence of particulate lead in drinking water deserves increased scrutiny since human exposure models, sampling protocol, analytical methods and environmental assessments are based on the presumed dominance of soluble lead in drinking water. Recent cases of childhood lead poisoning from drinking water were tied to solder particles detaching into and contaminating the water supply, and the authors argue that similar cases could be occurring elsewhere but are not being detected due to flawed protocols. Specifically, approved sample handling procedures can "miss" particulate lead that is present in samples, leading to situations in which the actual lead present in drinking water was 5 times higher than was quantified using approved protocols. The presence of chloride, warmer temperatures and lower pH of the stomach render a large fraction of this particulate lead bioavailable when ingested. Under some rare circumstances, this can result in high level consumer exposure to lead in drinking water that is largely undetected. Includes 18 references, tables, figures.