1.1 本指南涵盖了通过搬运、储存和运输的危险来分配货物的包装设计方法。 1.2 本指南的主要内容是确定运输包件开发中涉及的关键步骤，包括集装箱、内部保护性包装和单位负载。应当认识到，在不降低过程的价值的情况下，对各个设计项目的实际使用和应用可能会有明显的变化。需要时咨询包装专业人士。 1.3 本指南不适用于内包装的设计，除非内包装计划用作装运容器。 1.4 本指南的用户必须了解承运人关于通过运输包件可能移动的每种运输方式装运包装的规则，如国家汽车货运分类（更少-比卡车装载）和统一货运分类（铁路）。对于危险材料包装，包装必须符合第节中列出的适用模态法规的要求 2 . 1.5 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全性问题（如果有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践并确定法规限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。======意义和用途====== 4.1 本指南帮助用户设计和开发包装，以在货物从原产地到最终目的地的运输过程中保护货物。通过遵循本指南的所有步骤，用户将确信最重要的因素包括在包装设计中。在一些情况下，步骤的顺序可以改变，并且通常步骤可以与并行工作活动同时发生。 4.2 设计过程侧重于防止搬运、储存和运输的危害，同时认识到分销的所有其他方面的经济性，包括包装材料和劳动力以及运输。 4.3 在运输包装中， 分布 通常定义为包括处理、储存和运输因素。

1.1 This guide covers an approach to design of packaging for distributing goods through the hazards of handling, storage, and transportation. 1.2 The principal content of this guide is the identification of the key steps involved in development of transport packages, including shipping containers, interior protective packaging, and unit loads. It is recognized that actual usage and application to individual design projects may vary appreciably without diminishing the value of the process. Consult with a packaging professional whenever needed. 1.3 This guide is not intended for design of primary packaging unless the primary package is planned for use as a shipping container. 1.4 The user of this guide must be aware of the carrier rules regarding packaging for shipment via each mode of transportation in which the transport package may move, such as the National Motor Freight Classification (less-than truckload) and the Uniform Freight Classification (railroad). For hazardous materials packaging, the packaging must perform to the requirements of the applicable modal regulations listed in Section 2 . 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 This guide assists users in design and development of packaging intended for the protection of goods while they are in transit from point of origin to final destination. By following all steps of this guide, users will be assured that the most important factors are included in package design. In some cases, the sequence of steps may be changed, and often the steps may occur simultaneously with concurrent work activities. 4.2 The design process focuses on protection from hazards of handling, storage, and shipping while recognizing the economics of all other facets of distribution, including packaging materials and labor, and transportation. 4.3 In transport packaging, distribution is generally defined as inclusion of handling, storage, and transportation factors.