1.1本指南提供了用于测试土壤、岩石和相关建筑材料的通用天平、天平和标准质量的最低要求。 1.2本指南为评估、选择和指定测试土壤、岩石和相关建筑材料时使用的通用天平、天平和标准质量提供了指导。 1.3天平和天平的精度要求是根据所有误差源对整体天平性能的综合影响来规定的。有意避免测量特定误差源和考虑与天平结构有关的细节。 1.4本指南不包括天平和天平的要求，天平和天平的精度高于测试土壤、岩石和相关建筑材料时通常需要的精度。 1.5本指南不适用于非累积余额。 1.6本指南不涉及用于验证或量化处理天平和天平的特定参数的方法。有关用于评估天平性能的测试的描述，请参阅NIST手册44。 1.7本指南无意用作天平和天平的购买规范。 注1:国家标准与技术研究所（NIST）（前身为国家标准局（NBS））和国际法定计量组织（OIML）发布了规定施工要求以及天平性能指南的标准或实践。ASTM、OIML和NIST发布了标准质量的施工标准和公差。 注2-本标准中使用了术语“质量”和“确定质量”，而不是更常用的术语“重量”和“重量”，以符合标准公制惯例。此外，当提及用于比较或测量其他质量的已知指定质量的材料时，使用术语“标准质量”代替标准“标准重量”。 1.8 本指南提供了有组织的信息收集或一系列选项，并不推荐具体的行动方案。本文件不能取代教育或经验，应与专业判断结合使用。并非本指南的所有方面都适用于所有情况。 本ASTM标准不代表或取代必须根据其判断给定专业服务的充分性的谨慎标准，也不应在不考虑项目的许多独特方面的情况下应用本文件。本文件标题中的“标准”仅表示该文件已通过ASTM共识程序获得批准。

1.1 This guide provides minimum requirements for general-purpose scales, balances, and standard masses used in testing soil, rock, and related construction materials. 1.2 This guide provides guidance for evaluating, selecting, and specifying general purpose scales, balances, and standard masses used in testing soil, rock, and related construction materials. 1.3 The accuracy requirements for balances and scales are specified in terms of the combined effect of all sources of error contributing to overall balance performance. The measurement of specific sources of error and consideration of details pertaining to balance construction have been intentionally avoided. 1.4 This guide does not include requirements for balances and scales having accuracies greater than those generally required in testing soil, rock, and related construction materials. 1.5 This guide does not apply to nongraduated balances. 1.6 This guide does not address the methods used to verify or quantify specific parameters dealing with balances and scales. For a description of tests used in evaluating balance performance, see NIST Handbook 44. 1.7 This guide is not intended to be used as a specification for the purchase of balances and scales. Note 1—The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), formerly the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), and the International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML) publish standards or practices that specify construction requirements as well as performance guides for balances. ASTM, OIML, and NIST publish construction standards and tolerances for standard masses. Note 2—The terms "mass" and "determine the mass of" are used in this standard instead of the more commonly used terms "weight" and "weigh" to comply with standard metric practice. In addition, the term "standard mass(es)" is used instead of standard "standard weight(s)" when referring to a piece of material of known specified mass used to compare or measure the mass of other masses. 1.8 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgement. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The sword "Standard" in the title of this document mans only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.