1.1本发动机油试验方法涵盖了用于火花点火汽油发动机或柴油发动机的汽车发动机油（SAE 5W 10W、20、30、40和50级以及多粘度等级）的评估。试验程序使用一台渗碳、火花点火协同润滑研究（CLR）机油试验发动机（本试验方法中称为L-38发动机）进行。评估机油在高温、重载工况下对发动机和机油劣化的保护作用。该测试方法也可用于评估多粘度的粘度稳定性- 分级油。 1.2本试验方法中使用的两种发动机劣化措施是（1）试验功率段中使用的铜铅轴承的重量损失，和（2）功率段零件上的清漆和污泥沉积。 1.3本试验方法中使用的两种油劣化措施是（1）油的酸值变化，和（2）试验期间油的粘度变化。 1.4尚未确定测试结果与在汽车服务中获得的结果之间的相关性。此外，在本试验方法中获得的结果不一定表示将全面获得的结果- scale汽车火花点火或压燃式发动机，或在不同于试验方法的条件下运行的发动机中。该测试可用于比较一种机油与另一种机油。 注1:用于评估发动机机油性能以满足规范要求的配套试验方法包括以下当前版本的单缸和多缸发动机试验: ASTM STP 509A，评估曲轴箱润滑剂性能的单缸发动机试验 第一部分，Caterpillar 1G2试验方法 第二部分，Caterpillar 1H2试验方法 ASTM STP 315H，评估发动机机油的多缸试验顺序 第1部分，序列IID 第2部分，序列IIID 第3部分，序列V-D ASTM研究报告RR:D02-1225序列IIIE，评估汽车发动机油的多缸试验序列 ASTM D02提案P212，VE试验程序的拟议试验方法 此外，有关这些和其他发动机机油测试方法的详细信息，请参阅发动机机油测试SAE J304。 1.5以英寸-磅为单位的数值应视为标准值；轴承重量测量除外，其单位为毫克；除粘度测量外，测量温度用C（摄氏度）表示。 SI值在括号中给出。如果材料、产品或设备仅以英寸-磅为单位，则省略国际单位。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7本试验方法安排如下: 部分 介绍 范围 1. 参考文件 2. 术语 3. 试验方法总结 4. 意义和用途 5. 仪器 6. 测试工程，股份有限公司。 6.1 制造或特别准备的物品 6.2 仪表和控制装置 6.3 零件采购 6.4 试剂和材料 7. 测试油样要求 8. 仪器的准备 9 试验台准备 9.1 功率段调节试运行 9.2 一般功率段重建说明 9.3 每次测试后重新调整功率部分 9.4 标定 10 功率部分和试验台校准 10.1 仪器校准 10.2 发动机操作程序 11 磨合和冲洗 11.1 中间轴承重量损失检查 11.2 测试操作条件 11.3 预热时间表 11.4 空燃比和点火提前 11.5 摇臂盖空气、废气和窜气测量 11.6 停机和排油程序 11.7 油取样和加油 11.8 油耗计算 11.9 定期测量 11.10 测试结果的确定 12 汇报 13 精度和偏差 14 使用ASTM四舍五入 15 关键词 16 附件 Soltrol 10规范 7, 8 附件A1 连杆轴承间隙和轴颈锥度的测量 附件A2 主轴承间隙测量 附件A3 ASTM测试监测中心校准计划 附件A4 数据记录表 附件A5 活塞与套筒间隙的测量 附录A6 实验室严重性调整（SA）的控制图技术 附件A7 推荐的新缸套珩磨程序 附录A8 L-38注油程序 附录A9 替代曲轴箱呼吸器配置 附件A10 连杆轴承清洁程序 附录A11 L-38电子点火转换程序 附录A12 系统响应程序 附录A13 空燃比测量 附录A14 L-38发动机评估报告表 附录A15 数据字典 附录A16 剥离粘度测量程序 附录A17 ASTM测试监测中心和校准计划的作用 附录X1 修复凸轮轴轴承轴颈的建议方法 附录X2

1.1 This engine oil test method covers the evaluation of automotive engine oils (SAE grades 5W 10W, 20, 30, 40, and 50, and multiviscosity grades) intended for use in either spark-ignition gasoline engines, or in diesel engines. The test procedure is conducted using a carbureted, spark-ignition Cooperative Lubrication Research (CLR) Oil Test Engine (referred to as the L-38 engine in this test method). An oil is evaluated for protection against engine and oil deterioration under high-temperature, heavy-duty service conditions. The test method can also be used to evaluate the viscosity stability of multiviscosity-graded oils. 1.2 The two measures of engine deterioration used in this test method are (1) weight loss of copper-lead bearings used in the test power section, and (2) varnish and sludge deposits on power section parts. 1.3 The two measures of oil deterioration used in this test method are (1) the change in the acid number of the oil, and (2) the change in the viscosity of the oil during the test period. 1.4 Correlation of test results with those obtained in automotive service has not been established. Furthermore, the results obtained in this test method are not necessarily indicative of results that will be obtained in a full-scale automotive spark-ignition or compression-ignition engine, or in an engine operated under conditions different from those of the test method. The test can be used to compare one oil with another. Note 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements include the following current versions of single-cylinder and multicylinder engine tests: ASTM STP 509A, Single Cylinder Engine Tests for Evaluating the Performance of Crankcase Lubricants Part I, Caterpillar 1G2 Test Method Part II, Caterpillar 1H2 Test Method ASTM STP 315H, Multicylinder Test Sequences for Evaluating Engine Oils Part 1, Sequence IID Part 2, Sequence IIID Part 3, Sequence V-D ASTM Research Report RR:D02-1225 Sequence IIIE, Multicylinder Test Sequence for Evaluating Automotive Engine Oils ASTM D02 Proposal P212, Proposed Test Method for VE Test Procedure Also, see Engine Oil Tests—SAE J304 for details on these and other engine oil test methods. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard; except for the case of bearing weight measurements, for which the unit is milligram; and except for viscosity measurements, for which the temperatures of measurement are expressed in C (degrees Celsius). SI values are given in parentheses. In cases where materials, products, or equipment are available only in inch-pound units, SI units are omitted. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This test method is arranged as follows: Section Introduction Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Test Method 4 Significance and Use 5 Apparatus 6 Test Engineering, Inc. 6.1 Fabricated or Specially Prepared Items 6.2 Instruments and Controls 6.3 Procurement of Parts 6.4 Reagents and Materials 7 Test Oil Sample Requirements 8 Preparation of Apparatus 9 Test Stand Preparation 9.1 Conditioning Test Run on Power Section 9.2 General Power Section Rebuild Instructions 9.3 Reconditioning of Power Section After Each Test 9.4 Calibration 10 Power Section and Test Stand Calibration 10.1 Instrumentation Calibration 10.2 Engine Operating Procedure 11 Run-In and Flush 11.1 Intermediate Bearing Weight Loss Checks 11.2 Test Operating Conditions 11.3 Warm-up Schedule 11.4 Air-Fuel Ratio and Spark Advance 11.5 Rocker Cover Air, Off-gas, and Blowby Measurement 11.6 Shut-down and Oil-Drain Procedure 11.7 Oil Sampling and Oil Addition 11.8 Oil Consumption Computation 11.9 Periodic Measurements 11.10 Determination of Test Results 12 Report 13 Precision and Bias 14 Use of ASTM Rounding 15 Keywords 16 Annexes Specification for Soltrol 10 7, 8 Annex A1 Measurement of Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance and Journal Taper Annex A2 Measurement of Main Bearing Clearance Annex A3 The ASTM Test Monitoring Center Calibration Program Annex A4 Data Log Sheets Annex A5 Measurement of Piston-to-Sleeve Clearance Annex A6 Control Chart Technique for a Laboratory's Severity Adjustment (SA) Annex A7 Recommended New Liner Honing Procedure Annex A8 L-38 Oil Priming Procedure Annex A9 Alternative Crankcase Breather Configurations Annex A10 Connecting Rod Bearing Cleaning Procedure Annex A11 L-38 Electronic Ignition Conversion Procedure Annex A12 System Response Procedure Annex A13 Air-Fuel Ratio Measurement Annex A14 L-38 Engine Evaluation Report Forms Annex A15 Data Dictionary Annex A16 Stripped Viscosity Measurement Procedure Annex A17 Role of the ASTM Test Monitoring Center and the Calibration Program Appendix X1 Suggested Method for Salvaging Camshaft Bearing Journals Appendix X2