1.1 本文档描述了图像质量的基本组成部分发生变化的放射线照相图像的外观，即是否使用了X射线或伽马射线源、放射线照相探测器的特性和试样厚度等变量（放射线照相装置的几何配置和焦斑尺寸都会影响图像质量，但在参考图像中不考虑）。 1.2 用于获取原始说明性数据的X射线胶片系统如下:非常细的颗粒（与试验方法的I类相当 E1815 )细粒（与试验方法的II类相当 E1815 ). 1.3 这些数字参考图像由四个合成插图组成，显示了辐射能量、试样厚度和探测器特性等因素如何影响射线照相图像。 数字参考图像是本文档的附件，如果需要，必须从ASTM单独购买。 1.4 以英寸-磅单位表示的值应被视为标准值。括号中给出的值是对国际单位制的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.5 只有软件和图像的许可副本才能用于生产检查。ASTM/用户许可协议的副本应存档以供审计。（参见 附注1 .) 注1: 该组数字参考图像由四个数字数据文件、加载所需格式的软件和加载过程的具体说明组成。四幅参考图像说明了1英寸至6英寸厚材料中射线照相参数的影响。 可从ASTM国际总部获得，订单号:RRE3421。 1.6 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如果有的话）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 4.1 这些参考图像旨在作为放射线照相参数如何影响放射线照相图像的示例。 不打算或不建议使用这些图像来确定生产组件的验收。 4.2 任何射线照相系统的一个关键考虑因素是其对比度分辨率和空间分辨率能力（即灵敏度）。给定系统可获得的灵敏度程度取决于几个射线照相参数，如源能级、探测器类型和射线照相的材料厚度。这些参考图像允许用户估计当这些参数与特定技术不同时可能获得的灵敏度变化程度。本标准也可与试验方法结合使用 E1815 或通过实践 E746 或实践 E1735 为开发用于评估用户特定系统的数据提供基础。该数据可以帮助用户确定适当的参数，以获得所需的放射线照相系统灵敏度。

1.1 This document describes the appearance of a radiographic image where fundamental components of image quality are changed, that is, variables such as whether an X-ray or gamma ray source was used, the characteristics of the radiographic detector, and specimen thickness (the geometrical configuration of the radiographic set-up and focal spot size both affect image quality but are not considered in the reference images). 1.2 The X-ray film systems used in obtaining the original illustrative data were as follows: Very Fine Grain (comparable to class I of Test Method E1815 ) and Fine Grain (comparable to class II of Test Method E1815 ). 1.3 These digital reference images consist of four composite illustrations and show how such factors as radiation energy, specimen thickness, and detector properties affect the radiographic image. The digital reference images are an adjunct to this document and must be purchased separately from ASTM if needed. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 Only licensed copies of the software and images shall be utilized for production inspection. A copy of the ASTM/User license agreement shall be kept on file for audit purposes. (See Note 1 .) Note 1: The set of digital reference images consists of four digital data files, and software to load the desired format and specific instructions on the loading process. The four reference images illustrate the effects of radiographic parameters in material from one inch to six inches thick. Available from ASTM International Headquarters, Order No: RRE3421. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 These reference images are intended as examples of how radiographic parameters affect the radiographic image. The use of these images in determining acceptance of production components is not intended or recommended. 4.2 A key consideration with any radiographic system is its contrast resolution and spatial resolution capability (that is, sensitivity). The degree of obtainable sensitivity with a given system is dependent upon several radiographic parameters such as source energy level, detector type, and material thickness radiographed. These reference images permit the user to estimate the degree of sensitivity change that may be obtained when these parameters are varied from a specific technique. This standard may also be used in conjunction with Test Method E1815 or with Practice E746 or Practice E1735 to provide a basis for developing data for evaluation of a user's specific system. This data may assist a user in determining appropriate parameters for obtaining desired degrees of radiographic system sensitivity.