1.1 这些测试方法包括在以下元素浓度范围内测定未使用润滑油中的钡、钙、磷、硫和锌: 表1 . 通过稀释样品样本，可以将范围扩大到更高的浓度。稀释后也可测定添加剂。在这些测试方法中提出了两种不同的方法。 1.2 试验方法A（内部标准程序）- 内部标准用于补偿X射线激发和荧光的元素间效应（见第节） 8. 通过 13 ). 1.3 试验方法B（数学校正程序）- 对于样品中存在的其他元素的潜在干扰，对给定元素的测量X射线荧光强度进行数学校正（见第节） 14 通过 19 ). 1.4 首选浓度单位为质量 % 钡、钙、磷、硫或锌。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 有些油是由有机金属添加剂配制而成的，这些添加剂可以作为洗涤剂、抗氧化剂、抗磨剂等。其中一些添加剂包含一种或多种元素:钡、钙、磷、硫和锌。这些试验方法提供了一种确定这些元素浓度的方法，而这些元素反过来又提供了这些油添加剂含量的指示。 4.2 将几种添加剂元素及其化合物添加到润滑油中，以提供有益的性能（参见 表2 ).

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of barium, calcium, phosphorus, sulfur, and zinc in unused lubricating oils at element concentration ranges shown in Table 1 . The range can be extended to higher concentrations by dilution of sample specimens. Additives can also be determined after dilution. Two different methods are presented in these test methods. 1.2 Test Method A (Internal Standard Procedure)— Internal standards are used to compensate for interelement effects of X-ray excitation and fluorescence (see Sections 8 through 13 ). 1.3 Test Method B (Mathematical Correction Procedure)— The measured X-ray fluorescence intensity for a given element is mathematically corrected for potential interference from other elements present in the sample (see Sections 14 through 19 ). 1.4 The preferred concentration units are mass % barium, calcium, phosphorus, sulfur, or zinc. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Some oils are formulated with organo-metallic additives which act as detergents, antioxidants, antiwear agents, and so forth. Some of these additives contain one or more of these elements: barium, calcium, phosphorus, sulfur, and zinc. These test methods provide a means of determining the concentration of these elements which in turn provides an indication of the additive content of these oils. 4.2 Several additive elements and their compounds are added to the lubricating oils to give beneficial performance (see Table 2 ).