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Evaluating Water Loss in the Distribution System 配电系统中的水损失评估
发布日期: 2008-11-01
节水、省钱项目是格温内特县一个旨在提供帮助的项目的一部分 减少非收入用水。本文主要关注该县非收入的两个最重要组成部分 减水计划、全县泄漏检测计划和启动大型水表 测试程序。泄漏检测调查现场活动于2006年3月至2007年1月进行。这个 检漏调查包括县内除城市外的所有水管 布福德、苏瓦尼、诺克罗斯和劳伦斯维尔。测量面积约430平方米 根据县GIS网格系统,miles被划分为地理区域。调查包括 水管、消防栓、可接近的干线阀门和选定的服务连接。 水系统特征和现场条件各不相同。因此,这些变化有时可能会发生 确实影响了调查实践和结果。这些因素和将影响降至最低的程序 文中给出了一些结论。发生泄漏时,调查人员遵循的程序包括: 消防栓泄漏——通常调查人员能够通过锻炼立即停止泄漏 调查人员立即消除了消防栓和168个消防栓的泄漏; 阀门泄漏——调查人员能够通过演习在现场阻止15个阀门泄漏 阀门;和 客户仪表-旋转活塞式仪表有时在压力下容易发生故障 低流量条件。当水资源部(DWR)对这些水表进行测试时,水龙带围嘴被打开 高流量。流量计在中高流量下正常运行 但28米在低流量时出现故障。大型电表测试试点项目检查了每个电表位置的现场条件。如果可以接近,则使用以下标准检查仪表: 适用于该应用的合适仪表类型; 合适的尺寸和安装;和 功能管道和附件。本文列出了用于大型仪表测试的国家标准,以及现场测试的优点。该县非收入减水计划的两个组成部分以及该县总体非收入减水计划的具体结论 提供程序。包括数字。
Project Saving Water, Saving Money (the Project) is part of a Gwinnett County-wide program to help reduce non-revenue water. This paper focuses on two of the most significant components of the county's non-revenue water reduction program, a county-wide leak detection program and the initiation of a large meter testing program. Leak detection survey field activities were conducted from March 2006 through January 2007. The leak detection survey included all the water mains within the county with the exception of the cities of Buford, Suwanee, Norcross, and Lawrenceville. The survey area of approximately 430 square miles was divided into geographic regions according to the County GIS Grid system. The investigation included water mains, fire hydrants, accessible mainline valves, and selected service connections. Water system characteristics and field conditions vary. As such, these variations can and sometimes did affect the survey practices and results. These factors and the procedures to minimize the effects are provided in the paper. The procedures followed by the survey crews when a leak was encountered included the following: hydrant leaks - often the survey crews were able to immediately stop the leak by exercising the hydrants and 168 hydrants leaks were eliminated immediately by the survey crews; valve leaks - the survey crews were able to stop 15 valve leaks in the field by exercising the valves; and, customer meters - rotary piston style meters are at times susceptible to malfunction under low flow conditions. When these meters were tested by the Department of Water Resources (DWR), hose bibs were opened to high flow amounts. The meters operated normally at the intermediate and higher flow conditions, but 28 meters malfunctioned at low flows. The large meter testing pilot program examined site conditions at each meter location regarding the accessibility. If accessible, the meter was inspected using the following criteria: the proper meter type for the application; appropriate size and installation; and, functional piping and appurtenances. The paper lists the National Standards used for large meter testing, along with the advantages of on-site testing. Specific conclusions from the two components of the county's non-revenue water reduction program, and the county's overall non-revenue abatement program are provided. Includes figures.
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发布单位或类别: 美国-美国给水工程协会
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