1.1 本指南的目的是提供识别组成测试方法测试结果的元素的指南，并说明这些元素如何组合到测试结果中。 1.2 讨论了用于表达观察结果和测试结果的测量尺度的类型。 1.3 本标准未规定单位制。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 所有测试方法都以测试结果的形式输出。本指南提供了更多元素测量结果的构造信息。 4.2 在对测试方法作出任何精度声明之前，必须有明确的测试结果。 4.2.1 ASTM标准的形式和风格，第A21节，要求每种试验方法都应包含关于其精度的声明，最好是作为实验室间试验程序的结果。 实践中描述了此类研究的报告 E177 ，这说明了从观察和测试测定得出的测试结果的发展。 4.2.2 ASTM试验方法的精度声明适用于试验结果。除非另有明确说明，否则其不适用于试验测定或观察。

1.1 The purpose of this guide is to provide guidelines for identifying the elements that comprise the test result of a test method and to illustrate how these elements combine into the test result. 1.2 Types of measurement scales used for expressing observations and test results are discussed. 1.3 No system of units is specified in this standard. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 All test methods have an output in the form of a test result. This guide provides information on the construction of test results from more elemental measurements. 4.2 A well defined test result is necessary before any precision statements can be made about the test method. 4.2.1 Form and Style for ASTM Standards, Section A21, requires that every test method shall contain a statement regarding its precision, preferably as a result of an interlaboratory test program. Reporting of such studies is described in Practice E177 , which illustrates the development of test results from observations and test determinations. 4.2.2 Precision statements for ASTM test methods are applicable to test results. They are not applicable to test determinations or observations, unless specifically and clearly indicated otherwise.