1.1 本实践涵盖实施、执行和有效管理紧急医疗派遣职能所需的责任、知识、实践和组织支持的定义。 1.2 该实践有助于规划和评估培训、实施和组织支持，以满足紧急医疗调度的功能需求。 1.3 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 5.1 这一做法旨在促进使用训练有素的远程通信员担任紧急医疗调度员。它定义了基本技能和医学知识，以帮助理解和解决构成日常工作的问题。为了充分利用训练有素的远程通信员作为应急医疗团队的正常成员，有必要通过增加紧急医疗调度优先权的概念来提升远程通信员的培训。 5.2 所有定期接受公众紧急医疗援助呼吁并派遣紧急医疗人员的机构或个人应根据本惯例实施紧急医疗派遣计划。该计划应包括医疗指导和监督以及紧急医疗调度优先参考系统。 5.3 EMD概念的成功应用取决于医学界对EMS事务“到达前”状态的认识以及他们在派遣时提供医疗指导的意愿。 5.4 这种做法可能有助于克服关于紧急医疗派遣的一些误解。这些包括来电者歇斯底里的不可控性、调度员缺乏时间、EMD的潜在危险和责任、对发送到达前指令的益处缺乏认识，以及对红灯、警报器和最大响应总是必要的误解。 5.5 EMD是EMS响应团队的成员，全面了解整个应急系统的当前状态和能力。EMD在将来电者转变为有效的急救人员方面具有即时救生能力。 本实践承认EMD的作用包括: 5.5.1 审讯技巧， 5.5.2 分类决定， 5.5.3 信息传输， 5.5.4 电话医疗干预，以及 5.5.5 活动期间的后勤和资源协调。 5.6 对于EMD，本规程取代任何其他EMSS标准，根据这些标准，个人可以获得资格，例如规程 1031财年 EMD的作用不是生成特定的诊断，而是准确地获取有限的信息，分配适当的响应，并在响应所涉及的人员和单位之间进行清楚的沟通。查询、响应和资源协调协议至关重要，不得根据个人作为响应者的可能经验进行修改。 5.7 作为与EMS系统的初步接触，EMD受到与医疗实践相关的行动的质疑。 该实践可被机构用作EMD培训、实践和组织的公认基线，旨在取代 事实上的 某些领域存在的标准。这一做法将有助于制定完善的EMD计划，减少法律诉讼的需要和可能性，并为绩效提供一套共同的期望。 5.8 通过适当了解医疗状况，从而更好地进行询问、来电干预和决策，它将为调度办公室带来更准确的信息。它允许预先计划好的响应、更安全的响应（用灯光和警报器响应的装置更少）、节省燃料和能源（可能时使用更小的装置和更少的装置），并可以为真正的高级生命节省高级生命支持资源- 当分级响应可用时，支持紧急情况。

1.1 This practice covers the definition of responsibilities, knowledge, practices, and organizational support required to implement, perform, and effectively manage the emergency medical dispatch function. 1.2 This practice is useful for planning and evaluating the training, implementation, and organizational support to satisfy the functional needs of emergency medical dispatching. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This practice is intended to promote the use of trained telecommunicators in the role of emergency medical dispatcher. It defines the basic skills and medical knowledge to permit understanding and resolution of the problems that constitute their daily routine. To use trained telecommunicators fully as functioning members of the emergency medical team, it is deemed necessary to upgrade the telecommunicators' training by the addition of the concept of emergency medical dispatch priorities. 5.2 All agencies or individuals who routinely accept calls for emergency medical assistance from the public and dispatch emergency medical personnel shall have in effect an emergency medical dispatcher program in accordance with this practice. The program shall include medical direction and oversight and an emergency medical dispatch priority reference system. 5.3 The successful use of the EMD concept depends on the medical community's awareness of the “prearrival” state of EMS affairs and their willingness to provide medical direction in dispatch. 5.4 This practice may assist in overcoming some of the misconceptions regarding emergency medical dispatching. These include the uncontrollable nature of the caller's hysteria, lack of time of the dispatcher, potential danger and liability to the EMD, lack of recognition of the benefits of dispatch prearrival instructions, and misconceptions that red lights, siren, and maximal response are always necessary. 5.5 The EMD is the member of the EMS response team with the broadest view of the entire emergency system's current status and capabilities. The EMD has immediate lifesaving capability in converting the caller into an effective first responder. This practice recognizes the EMD's role as including: 5.5.1 Interrogation techniques, 5.5.2 Triage decisions, 5.5.3 Information transmission, 5.5.4 Telephone medical intervention, and 5.5.5 Logistics and resource coordination during the event. 5.6 For the EMD, this practice supersedes any other EMSS standards under which an individual may be qualified, such as Practice F1031 . It is not the role of the EMD to generate a specific diagnosis but rather to elicit accurately a finite body of information, assign the appropriate response, and to communicate clearly among persons and units involved in the response. The protocols for inquiry, response, and resource coordination are essential and must not be modified based on an individual's possible experiences as a responder. 5.7 As an initial contact with the EMS system, the EMD is subject to questioning of actions as they relate to medical practice. This practice may be used by agencies as a recognized baseline for EMD training, practice, and organization and is intended to supplant de facto standards that exist in some areas. This practice will assist in developing sound EMD programs that will reduce the need and potential for legal action and provide a common set of expectations for performance. 5.8 It will bring more accurate information into the dispatch office by way of appropriate understanding of the medical condition and therefore better interrogation, caller intervention, and decision-making. It allows for preplanned responses, safer responses (fewer units responding with lights and siren), fuel and energy savings (smaller units and fewer units used when possible), and may save advanced life-support resources for true advanced life-support emergencies when a tiered-level response is available.